Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Revision > Citizenship paper 2 > Flashcards

Citizenship paper 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are our political rights

A

The right to vote

The right to a secret ballot

The right to free speech

The right to a freedom of conscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are our moral rights

A

The right to an education

The right to freedom of thought and expression

The right to be credited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are our legal rights

A

The right to a fair trial

Equality before the law

Innocence until proven guilty

Thesiger to representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are factors that create identity

A

Religion

Culture

Ethnic and National origin

Sexuality, gender and life-style choices

Political views

Profession

Cuisine and dietary choice

Socio-economic status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the definition of immigration

A

The act of moving to and settling in another country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the definition of emigration

A

The act of leaving a country with the intention of settling elsewhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are factors that cause immigration

A

High standards of living

Peace and political stability

High level of human rights and freedoms

High availability of work and jobs

Freedom of religion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are factors that cause emigration

A

Low standards of living and poverty

Political instability and civil war

Dictatorship and lack of freedoms

High levels of unemployment

Religious persecution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are factors that change the nature of a population

A

Diversity of religions

Diversity of sexualities e.g. heterosexual, homosexual

Movement of population between urban and country side regions

Average Age of the population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some types of media in the UK

A

Traditional television: BBC

Digital television: Dave, UK TV gold

Newspapers

Radio

Social media

Streaming services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the definition of a free press

A

Media free of political oversight and control that is able to freely criticise and parody the government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the roles of a free press

A

Informing the general public of events

Influencing public opinion

Providing a place for the communication and discussion of ideas

Holding those in power to account

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the restrictions and responsibilities of Free Press

A

Censorship: not publishing what may cause stress or offence to the public

Accuracy: publishing stories and material that’s true and factual

Privacy: not unduly invading the privacy of individuals

Public interest: only publishing stories that are of relevance to the general public

National security: not publishing material that can harm the nations security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the definition of injuction

A

The court order preventing the publication of an item

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which organisation regulates the press

A

IPSO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some examples of censorship

A

The Watershed: no expletives, nudity, or graphic violence before 9pm

Bleeping of inappropriate language

Warnings of TV programmes giving notice of violence, sex or expletives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the purpose of the UN

A

The UN was set up after WW2 to try and regulate the relations between nations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the roles of the UK within the UN

A

The UK is a permanent member of the UN’s security council

Contributes financially to the UN

Contributes troops and equipment to the UN’s peace keeping operations

Member of UN organizations such as UNESCO and the international court of justice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is NATO

A

NATO was set up in 1949 to defend against any actions by the USSR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the role of the UK within NATO

A

It is part of the common defense

Contributes troops and equipment

Contributes funding and leadership

21
Q

What is the world trade organization

A

Set up in 1996 to regulate trade and economic activity between nations

22
Q

What is the UK’s role in the world trade organization

A

Contributes to funding

helps to draw up influence and regulations

contributes personnel and resources

negotiates and debates with other nations

23
Q

What is the UK’s role in the EU

A

Negotiating with the EU and European leaders on EU treaties and documents

helping to form EU rules and regulations

Contribution of funding to the EU

24
Q

How do you resolve international disputes as a nation state

A

Military action- this may lead to the populace questioning the morality and legality of this action

Sanctions- stop trading with a nation or seize assets

Diplomatic pressure- Attempting to persuade countries

Providing non-military personnel - providing advisers or aid

25
Q

How do you resolve international disputes as an NGO

A

providing medical and humanitarian aid

raising funds and supplies

raising awareness of the issue

26
Q

What are the fundamental principles of the law

A

presumption of innocence- innocent until proven guilty

Equality before the law- law treats everyone as equals regardless of status

Right to representation- everyone has to right to be represented in court

Right of due process- Everyone has the right for a known process to be carried out

Right of fair trial- Everyone has the right to a fair and unbiased trial

27
Q

What is the purpose of the law

A

to hold those in power to account

to regulate behavior- making sure those who harm others are punished and deterring others from committing those crimes

To create a know set of rules for citizens to abide by

to create a deterrent to prevent injustice

28
Q

The roles and powers of the police

A

To investigate a crime reported to them

To ensure the safety of the general public

to arrest individuals suspected of committing a crime

To collect and pass evidence to the CPS

To enforce law and regulations

To advise the public on crime prevention

29
Q

What is the role of legal representatives

A

To provide advice and guidance to clients

To argue for the guilt or innocence of an individual during criminal rials

To argue for or against liability in civil courts

To assert the rights of those they represent

to advocate in favour in those they represent

To carry out routine legal work on behalf of individuals or organizations

30
Q

what is criminal law

A

Deals with issues between an individual and state

31
Q

What is civil law

A

deals with issues between organizations and people

32
Q

What is the court system for civil courts

A

County court —> High court of justice —> Court of appeal —> Supreme court

33
Q

What is the court system for criminal courts

A

Magistrates court —> Crown court —> High court —> Court of appeal —> Supreme court

34
Q

Differences in the Scottish legal system

A

Three verdicts are possible in criminal cases : not guilty, not proven, guilty

15 people rather than 12 on jury

no right to trial by jury- this is decided by prosecutor

35
Q

What is the age of criminal responsibility

A

10

36
Q

How are people age 10-17 dealt with if they commit a crime

A

They are sent through the youth justice system and young offenders institutions where the main aim is to rehabilitate them

37
Q

what is The human rights act (1998)

A

Placed fundamental human rights into UK law e.g. freedom of speech, Right to life

38
Q

what is The equality act (2010)

A

Established the legal basis that discriminating someone due to sexuality, gender, religion or race a crime

39
Q

What are some sources of law

A

Legislation: when parliament amends, repeals or makes new laws

Precedent: decisions made by past judges in past court cases that present judges use as guidance for current rulings

Common law

40
Q

How do trade unions represent employees

A

They represent their employees by campaigning for better wages, better conditions and recognition of their rights

Employees subject to formal disciplinary procedures have a right to a trade union representative

Employees can’t be stopped from joining a trade union

41
Q

Factors affecting crime rates

A

Socio-economic status

Urban status

Drug and alcohol abuse

Police presence

Level of education

42
Q

Types of sentencing

A

Prision sentence

Suspended sentence- sentence which only begins if the individual reoffends

Community service- a set amount of unpaid work hours that a helps a local community

Custodial sentences- a sentence passed by the court that involves the accused having their freedom taken away by being put in prison

fines

tags- methods to track individuals

43
Q

What factors must judges consider before sentencing

A

Legislation- may give boundaries for minimum or maximum sentences

Public safety- the primary purpose of all sentences is to keep the public safe

Rehabilitation- is the sentence likely to lead to the rehabilitation of the individual

Proportionate- is the sentence proportionate to the crime committed

Deterrence- will the sentence deter other from committing the crime

44
Q

What is the primary aim of the youth justice system

A

to prevent the individual from reoffending

45
Q

Who needs to be informed if a young person is arrested

A

the career or Guardian of the young person

46
Q

Who needs to be present during interviews with the young person

A

A responsible adult

47
Q

What is international law

A

law that governs the relations between nations

international law is formed from agreements ,treaties and general custom and practice

International law protects victims of conflict and disaster and sets out rules on asylum and human rights

48
Q

What is the UN declaration of human rights (1948)

A

Sets out basic and universal human rights

Revision (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions