Circulatory system Flashcards
Circulatory system is also known as the…
cardiovascular system
The circulatory system is the ___________ for the entire body
transportation highway
The circulatory system consists of….
the heart, blood, and blood vessels
An organ that contracts and pumps blood throughout the body
heart
Arteries transport blood _______ from the heart to the _______.
away, capillaries
Veins transport blood from the __________ to the _________.
capillaries, heart
Tiny blood vessels that transport blood from arteries to veins are called…
capillaries
Capillaries transport blood from ________ to _________.
arteries to veins
The location for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, fluid, and nutrients
capillaries
Name the 4 heart chambers
right and left atriums, and the right and left ventricles
Name the 4 valves in the heart
tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral (bicuspid) valve, aortic valve
Describe the blood flow thru the heart…
deoxygenated blood enters into the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava > right atrium > tricuspid valve > right ventricle > pulmonary valve > pulmonary artery > lungs > pulmonary veins (now oxygenated) > left atrium > mitral valve > left ventricle > aortic valve > aorta > to the body
Whole blood consists of approximately…
55% plasma and 45% formed elements
Formed elements are:
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
Red blood cells
erythrocytes
White blood cells
leukocytes
All of the formed elements are produced from….
stem cells in red bone marrow
Erythrocytes do what?
transport oxygen
The 5 types of leukocytes can be distinguished by….
size, appearance of nucleus, staining properties, presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules
Which blood cells are active in phagocytosis?
neutrophils, monocytes
Which blood cells are active in antibody formation?
lymphocytes
What are active in the process of blood clotting?
platelets
The heart beat is initiated by the….
sinoatrial node
The cardiac cycle is the period from ___________.
the end of one ventricular contraction to the end of the next ventricular contraction
The contraction phase of the cycles is _________.
systole
The relaxation phase is ________.
diastole
The largest veins and what do they do?
Superior and inferior venae cavae, empty into the right atrium of the heart
The walls of _______ are thick and elastic.
arteries
The walls of _______ are thinner and less elastic.
veins
