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TEAS/ HESI > Basics + Histology > Flashcards

Basics + Histology Flashcards

1
Q

The smallest parts of elements that still retain all the original properties of the element

A

Atoms

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2
Q

A chemical bonding of atoms that possesses its own characteristics independent of the atoms themselves

A

molecule

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3
Q

The basic unit of life

A

cells

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4
Q

Cells combine in terms of function and type to form…

A

tissues

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5
Q

Two or more tissue types working together to perform a specific function

A

organ

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6
Q

Organs working together to perform a task result is an…

A

organ system

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7
Q

The result of all organ systems working together within the body

A

organism

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8
Q

The hierarchy of the structure of the human body..

A

atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

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9
Q

4 types of basic tissue types in humans

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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10
Q

Two functions of epithelium

A

provide covering, or produce secretions

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11
Q

Epithelial tissue commonly exists in ________ and _______ have its own blood supply.

A

sheets, does not

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12
Q

Epithelium is dependent on _____ from the nearby ______ for food and oxygen.

A

diffusion, capillaries

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13
Q

Simple epithelium contains how many layers of cells

A

one

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14
Q

Simple epithelium is found where?

A

In body structures where absorption, secretion, and filtration occur.

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15
Q

Stratified epithelium has _____ layer of cells and serves as ______.

A

more than one, protection

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16
Q

Shapes of epithelial cells…

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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17
Q

Connective tissue is found where?

It serves to do what?

A

Throughout the body. Serves to connect different structures of the body.

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18
Q

Types of connective tissue…

A

bone, cartilage, adipose (fat), and blood vessel

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19
Q

Does connective tissue have its own blood supply?

A

Usually does but there are some types of connective tissue, such as ligaments, that do not.

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20
Q

Muscle tissue is dedicated to…

A

producing movement

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21
Q

Three types of muscle tissue…

A

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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22
Q

Skeletal muscle is _______ and is connected to _________.

A

voluntary movement, bones in the skeletal system

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23
Q

Smooth muscle is under__________.

A

involuntary control

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24
Q

Smooth muscle is found…..

A

in the walls of hollow organs, such as intestines, blood vessels, bladder, and uterus

25
Q

Cardiac muscle is ________ and is found _________.

A

involuntary, only in the heart

26
Q

Nervous tissue provides the structure for…..

A

the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

27
Q

Nerves are made up of cells called _______ that send _________.

A

neurons, electrical impulses throughout the body

28
Q

Support cells in nervous tissue that help protect the tissue

A

myelin

29
Q

Toward the upper end of the body or body structure

A

superior

30
Q

Toward the lower end of the body or body structure

A

inferior

31
Q

Toward the front of the body or body structure

A

anterior

32
Q

Toward the back of the body or body structure

A

posterior

33
Q

Toward the middle of the body or body structure

A

medial

34
Q

Toward the outer sides of the body or body structure

A

lateral

35
Q

Between medial and lateral

A

intermediate

36
Q

Close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment

A

proximal

37
Q

Away from the origin of the body part or point of attachment

A

distal

38
Q

Toward or at the body surface

A

superficial

39
Q

Away from or below the body surface

A

deep

40
Q

Cut made along a horizontal plane dividing the body into right and left parts

A

sagittal section

41
Q

Sagittal section made down the median of the body

A

midsagittal section

42
Q

Cut made along a horizontal plane to divide the body into upper and lower regions

A

transverse section (cross section)

43
Q

Cut made along a longitudinal plane that divides the body into front and back regions

A

frontal section (coronal section)

44
Q

Contains the cranial cavity and spinal column

A

dorsal body cavity

45
Q

Contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen

A

ventral body cavity

46
Q

The __________ divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic cavity

A

diaphragm

47
Q

Below the diaphragm are the ________ and ________ cavities.

A

abdominal, pelvic

48
Q

This system breaks down food so that the nutrients can be easily passed into the blood and circulated throughout the body

A

digestive system

49
Q

This system helps cleanse the blood and houses the white blood cells that are involved in protecting the body from environmental pathogens

A

lymphatic system

50
Q

This system helps maintain the water and electrolyte balance within the body, regulates the acid-base balance in the blood, and removes all nitrogen-containing wastes from the body

A

urinary system

51
Q

This system keeps all the cells in the body supplied with oxygen and removes the carbon dioxide

A

respiratory system

52
Q

This system produces movement through contractions

A

muscular system

53
Q

This system produces offspring

A

reproductive system

54
Q

This system protects internal tissues from injury, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate body temperature. This system also serves as a barrier to foreign substances

A

integumentary system

55
Q

This system provides support and protection for the body, supplies a framework used to create movement, and serves as storage for minerals, such as calcium

A

skeletal system

56
Q

This system acts as the body’s control system and is necessary to protect the body from the changes in the internal and external environment

A

nervous system

57
Q

This system controls body functions

A

endocrine system

58
Q

This system works as the transportation system for substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients in the body

A

circulatory system

TEAS/ HESI (19 decks)

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