Circulatory circuits and great vessels Flashcards
what type of circulation system does the heart have
- it has a double circulatory system
- there is systemic and pulmonary circuit
what is the cardiac output of the left and right ventricles in terms of volume
- the cardiac output of the left and right ventricles is the sam e
do the different ventricles have different workloads
true
what is the pulmonary circuit served by
the right ventricle
what does the pulmonary trunk give rise to
the two main pulmonary arterys
How many pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood back to the left atrium of the heart
4 pulmonary veins bring oxygenated blood back to the left atrium
what is the systemic circulation served by
left side of the heart
what are most of the branches of the descending aorta like
- they are bilaterally symmetrical, excluding the 3 unpaired arteries that supply the gut
blood travels from the gut to the liver from ..
the hepatic portal vein
what blood vessel drains from the liver and into what blood vessel does it drain
- hepatic vein drains from the liver to the inferior vena cava in the posterosuperior part of the abdomen
where is the heart
it is in the pericardial cavity within the mediastinum
where does the heart extend
- it extends obliquely for 12-14cm towards the left from the 2nd rib to the 5th intercostal space
what is the anterior surface of the heart composed of
2 ventricles
- also a portion of right atrium
what forms the right border of the heart
right atrium
what forms the apex of the heart
left ventricle
where is the left atrium
it is positioned on the posterior surface of the heart
what does the left atrium receive
it receives oxygenated blood via the pulmonary veins
what has a thinner wall the pulmonary trunk or superior vena cava
superior vena cava
what is the same size as the aorta
the pulmonary trunk but the aorta has a thicker wall
describe the pathway of the blood through the heart
- superior and inferior
- right atrium
- tricuspid valve
- right ventricle
- pulmonary valve
- pulmonary trunk
- pulmonary arteries
- lungs
- pulmonary veins
- left atrium
- mitral/bicuspid valve
- left ventricle
- arotic valve
- ascending aorta
what arteries supply the head
the carotid arteries supply the head
- external carotid branches over the face
- internal carotid enters the cranium to supply the brain
what arteries supply the brain
carotid artery
vertebral rates
the internal carotid has no branches in the neck
true
are the carotid arteries medial or lateral to the internal jugular vein
the carotid rates are medial to the internal jugular vein
how do the vertebral arteries go into the brain
the vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries and they ascend through the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae
what do the internal carotid arteries supply
they primarily supply the cerebral hemispheres
what do the vertebral arteries supply
- the brain stem
- the cerebellum
what anastomose at the circle of willis
the vessels from the internal carotid artery and the vertebral artery
what is the first branch of the aorta
it is the coronary arteries
what does the brachiocephalic trunk go into
it passes under the right clavicle and branches into the right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
what are the upper limbs supplied by
subclavian arteries
where does the descending aorta run next to the spine
- it runs anterior to the spine from T4 to T12 on the left
- AORTA IS ALWAYS ON THE LEFT AND THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA IS ON THE RIGHT
does the descending thoracic aorta have branches
- segmental arteries - intercostal
where does the crura of the diaphragm attach to
attaches to lumbar vertebrae 1-3
where does the abdominal aorta split into the right and left common iliac arteries
L4
what spinal level is the coeliac trunk
T12
what spinal levels is the superior mesenteric artery
L1
what spinal level is the inferior mesenteric artery
L3
What organs does the coeliac supply
stomach liver spleen pancreas duodenum
what organs does the superior mesenteric artery supply
small intestine
ascending and transverse colon
what organs does the inferior mesenteric artery supply
- descending colon
which vein does the blood drain into from the abdomen region
hepatic portal vein
dose the venous drainage of the left kidney pass anterior or posterior to the abdominal aorta
anterior
