chronic rhinosinusitis

Question 1

what is chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 1

inflammation of the mucosal lining of the nose and the paranasal sinuses for more than 12 weeks

Question 2

what are the classifications of chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 2

chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps and without polyps

Question 3

what are the causes of chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 3

multifactorial
allergic
occupational
hormonal
granulomatous
infective
anatomical

Question 4

what is the clinical picture of chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 4

2 or more symptoms of :
nasal blockage/obstruction/congestion
nasal discharge whether anterior or post nasal drip
+/- facial pain/pressure
+/- reduction/loss of smell

Question 5

what are the endoscopic findings that must be found in order to make a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 5

endoscopic signs of polyps
middle meatal oedema
mucopurulent discharge

Question 6

what are the Ct changes found in chronic rhinosinusitis ?

Answer 6

mucosal changes of the ostiomeatal complex/sinuses

Question 7

what is the medical treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis whether with polyps or not ?

Answer 7

saline nasal irrigation
nasal decongestant
antihistamine (in allergic settings)
Antibiotics- Macrolide for 3 weeks

Question 8

what is the treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps ?

Answer 8

oral steriods followed by topical therapy

Question 9

what is the treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps ?

Answer 9

topical steroids

Question 10

what is the management if medical treatment fails ?

Answer 10

surgery - FESS
functional endoscopic sinus surgery