adenoids Flashcards
what are adenoids ?
hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue sufficient to produce symptoms
where are the adenoid tissue located ?
at the junction of the roof and the posterior wall
which age range is commonly associated with adenoids ?
2-12 years old
what is the aetiology behind adenoids ?
recurrent URTI
what tis the pathology behind adenoids ?
hypertrophy of subepithelial lymphoid aggregates
what is the clinical picture of adenoids ?
bilateral nasal obstruction
mouth breathing
difficulty of feeding and suckling
rhinolalia
anterior nasal discharge
bad breath - foetor oris
obstructive sleep apnea
what are the adenoids facies ?
apathetic look
narrow pinched anterior nares
mucoid secretions over upper lip
open dry mouth
elevated upper lip
prominent central incisors
high arched palate
receding jaw
what are the complications of adenoids ?
eustachian tube obstruction
obstructive sleep apnea
recurrent infections
nocturnal enuresis
shy and friendless
what investigations are required for a case of adenoids ?
plain X-ray, soft tissue, lateral view nasopharynx
pure tone audiometry and tympanometry
what are the consequences of eustachian tube obstruction ?
otitis media with effusion
conductive hearing loss
recurrent acute otitis media
what is the treatment for adenoids ?
surgical - adenoidectomy
what are the indications for surgical adenoidectomy ?
enlargement causing nasal airway obstruction
what are the most common nasopharyngeal swellings in children ?
adenoids
what are the indications for adenoidectomy ?
obstructive sleep apnea
chronic mouth breathing
recurrent or persistent otitis media in children 3-4 years old or older
