Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chp 18- Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chp 18- Endocrine System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adrenal cortex

A

outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

adrenal medulla

A

inner section of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ovaries

A

located in lower abdomen of female, egg production and estrogen/progesterone secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pancreas

A

located behind the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

parathyroid gland

A

4 small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

A

located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

testes

A

two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thyroid gland

A

located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

adrenaline/ epinephrine

A

secreted by medulla; increases HR and BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

aldosterone

A

secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases salt absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

androgen

A

male hormone secreted by the testes and adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; increases reabsorption of water by the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

calcitonin

A

secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cortisol

A

secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

estradiol

A

estrogen secreted by the ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

estrogen

A

female hormone secreted by the ovaries and adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the
pituitary gland; stimulates hormone
secretion and egg production by ovaries
and sperm production by testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

glucagons

A

Secreted by alpha islet cells of pancreas;
increases blood sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

growth
hormone (GH);
somatotropin

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the
pituitary gland; stimulates growth of
bones and soft tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

insulin

A

Secreted by beta islet cells of pancreas;
helps glucose pass into cells and promotes
conversion of glucose to glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

luteinizing
hormone (LH)

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of pituitary
gland; stimulates ovulation in females and
testosterone secretion in males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

norepinephrine

A

Secreted by the adrenal medulla;
increases heart rate and blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

oxytocin (OT)

A

Secreted by the posterior lobe of the
pituitary gland; stimulates contraction of
uterus during labor and childbirth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

parathormone
(PTH)

A

Secreted by parathyroid glands; increases
blood calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

progesterone

A

Secreted by the ovaries; prepares the
uterus for pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

prolactin (PRL)

A

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

somatotropin (STH)

A

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; growth hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

testosterone

A

male hormone secreted by testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); Thyrotropin

A

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

somatotropin (STH)

A

secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes thyroid function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

thyroxine (T4)

A

secreted by the thyroid gland; increases cell metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3)

A

secreted by the thyroid gland; increases cell metablisom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

vasopressin

A

secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; ADH; raises water reabsorption and raises BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

catecholamines

A

hormones derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

corticosteroids

A

hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

electrolyte

A

mineral salt found in blood and tissues

38
Q

glucocorticoid

A

steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

39
Q

hormone

A

substance secreted by an endocrine gland to influence structure or function of an organ or gland

40
Q

hypothalamus

A

region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland

41
Q

mineralocorticoid

A

steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate mineral salts and water balance in the body

42
Q

receptor

A

cellular or nuclear protein that binds to a hormone so that a response can be elicited

43
Q

sella turcica

A

cavity in the skull that contains the pituitary gland

44
Q

sex hormones

A

steroids produced by the adrenal cortex to influence male and female sexual characteristics

45
Q

steroid

A

complex substance related to fats and of which many hormones are made

46
Q

sympathomimetic

A

pretaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system

47
Q

target tissue

A

cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones

48
Q

aden/o

A

gland

49
Q

adrenal/o

A

adrenal glands

50
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands (ovaris, testes)

51
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

52
Q

parathryoid/o

A

parathyroid gland

53
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland; hypophysis

54
Q

thyr/o

A

thyriod gland

55
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

56
Q

andr/o

A

male

57
Q

calc/o, calici/o

A

calcium

58
Q

cortic/o

A

cortex, outer region

59
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

60
Q

dips/o

A

thirst

61
Q

estr/o

A

female

62
Q

gluc/o, glyc/o

A

sugar

63
Q

home/o

A

sameness

64
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone

65
Q

kal/l

A

potassium (an electrolyte)

66
Q

lact/o

A

milk

67
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

68
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

69
Q

phys/o

A

growing

70
Q

somat/o

A

body

71
Q

ster/o

A

solid structure

72
Q

toc/o

A

childbirth

73
Q

toxic/o

A

position

74
Q

ur/o

A

urine

75
Q

-agon

A

assemble, gather together

76
Q

-emia

A

blood collection

77
Q

-in, ine

A

a substance

78
Q

-tropin

A

stimulating the function of

79
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

80
Q

eu-

A

good, normal

81
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above

82
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, below

83
Q

oxy-

A

rapid, sharp, acid

84
Q

pan-

A

all

85
Q

poly-

A

much or increased

86
Q

tetra-

A

four

87
Q

tri

A

three

88
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of the thyroid

89
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

loss of bone density, kidney stones, hypercalcemia

90
Q

hypoparathyroidism

A

muscle and nerve weakness, tetany, hypocalcemia

91
Q

addison disease

A

deficient mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, hyponatremia, fatigue, weakness, weight loss, low blood pressure

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions