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Medical Terminology > Chp 13- Blood Lymphatic and Immune > Flashcards

Chp 13- Blood Lymphatic and Immune Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Type A

A

A antigen and B antibody

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2
Q

Type B

A

B antigen A antibody

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3
Q

Type AB

A

A and B antigen, no antibodies (universal recipient)

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4
Q

Type O

A

no A or B antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies (universal donor)

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5
Q

Rh factor

A

positive and negative
- antigen on RBCs

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6
Q

albumin

A

protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood

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7
Q

Antibody (Ab)

A

specific protein produced by the lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

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8
Q

antigen

A

a substance that stimulates production of an antibody

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9
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell that contains granules that stain blue

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10
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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11
Q

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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12
Q

differentiation

A

the change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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13
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

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14
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell that contains granules that stain red

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15
Q

erthroblasts

A

an immature red blood cell

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16
Q

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell

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17
Q

erythroprotein (EPO)

A

hormone secreted by kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation

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18
Q

Fibrin

A

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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19
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that converted to fibrin on the clotting process

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20
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein

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21
Q

granulocyte

A

white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules

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22
Q

hematopoietic stem

A

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

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23
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

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24
Q

hemolysis

A

breakdown of RBCs

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25
Q

heparin

A

an anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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26
Q

immune reaction

A

response of immune system to foreign invasion

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27
Q

immunoglobulin

A

a protein with antibody activity

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28
Q

leukocyte

A

WBC

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29
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

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30
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from blood to tissue spaces; as a phagocyte, engulfs foreign material and debris; destroys worn out RBS

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31
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

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32
Q

monocyte

A

leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris; becomes macrophage

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33
Q

mononuclear

A

pertaining to cell (leukocyte) with single round nucleus

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34
Q

myeloblast

A

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

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35
Q

neutrophil

A

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; polymorphonuclear leukocyte

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36
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of blood; contains water, protein, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones, vitamins

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37
Q

plasmapheresis

A

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

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38
Q

platelet

A

small blood fragment important in clotting

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39
Q

polymorphonuculear

A

pretaining to WBC with multi-shaped nucleus; neutrophil

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40
Q

prothrombin

A

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in clotting process

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41
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature erythrocyte

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42
Q

serum

A

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

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43
Q

stem cell

A

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms

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44
Q

thormbin

A

emzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

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45
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelets

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46
Q

bas/o

A

base

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47
Q

chrom/o

A

color

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48
Q

coagul/o

A

clotting

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49
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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50
Q

eosin/o

A

red, dawn, rosy

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51
Q

erythro/o

A

red

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52
Q

granul/o

A

granules

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53
Q

hem/o

A

blood

54
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

55
Q

hemoglobin/o

A

hemoglobin

56
Q

is/o

A

same/equal

57
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

58
Q

leuk/o

A

white

59
Q

mon/o

A

single

60
Q

morhp/o

A

shape, form

61
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

62
Q

neutr/o

A

neutral

63
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

64
Q

phag/o

A

eat, swallow

65
Q

poikil/o

A

varied, irregular

66
Q

sider/o

A

iron

67
Q

spher/o

A

globe, round

68
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

69
Q

-apheresis

A

seperation/ takeaway

70
Q

-oid

A

resembling

71
Q

-osis

A

disease

72
Q

-phoresis

A

transmission

73
Q

anemia

A

deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

74
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

bone marrow cannot make enough new blood cells for your body to work normally

75
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made

76
Q

pernicious anemia

A

red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12

77
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle shape eryhtocytes and hemolysis

78
Q

thalassemia

A

inherited blood disorder caused when the body doesn’t make enough, leading to hypochromia

79
Q

hemochromatosis

A

excess iron deposits throughout the body

80
Q

polycythemia vera

A

general increase in RBC

81
Q

hemophilia

A

excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factors VIII and IX necessary for blood clotting. patients often bleed into weight-bearing joints, especially the ankles and knees

82
Q

purpura

A

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

83
Q

leukemia

A

increase in cancerous white blood cells

84
Q

granulocytosis

A

abnormal increase in granulocytes in blood

85
Q

mononucleosis

A

infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

86
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant neoplasm of bon marrow.

87
Q

apheresis

A

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood

88
Q

blood transfusion

A

whole blood or cells taken from a donor and infused into a patient

89
Q

bone marrow biopsy

A

microscopic examination of core bone marrow removed with a needle

90
Q

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A

peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor administered into a recipient

91
Q

ABMT

A

autologous bone marrow transplantation

92
Q

ABO

A

four main blood types - A, B, O, AB

93
Q

ALL

A

acute lymphoid leukemia

94
Q

AML

A

Acute myeloid leukemia

95
Q

ANC

A

Absolute neutrophil count

96
Q

ASCT

A

autologous stem cell transplantation

97
Q

banda

A

immature white blood cells (granulocytes)

98
Q

Baso

A

Basophils

99
Q

BMT

A

bone marrow transplantation

100
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

101
Q

CLL

A

Chronic lymphoid leukemia

102
Q

CML

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia

103
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

104
Q

diff

A

differential count (WBC)

105
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

106
Q

eos

A

eosinophiles

107
Q

EPO

A

erythroprotein

108
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

109
Q

G-CSF

A

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

110
Q

GM-CSF

A

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

111
Q

GVHD

A

graft-versus-host disease

112
Q

HCL

A

hairy cell leukemia

113
Q

Hct

A

hematocrit

114
Q

Hgh, HGB

A

hemoglobin and hematocrit

115
Q

HLA

A

human leukocyte antigen

116
Q

IgS, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

A

immunoglobulins

117
Q

ITP

A

idiopathic thromocytic purpura

118
Q

lymphs

A

lymphocytes

119
Q

MCH

A

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

120
Q

MCHC

A

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

121
Q

MCV

A

mean corpuscular volume

122
Q

MDS

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

123
Q

mono

A

monocyte

124
Q

Polys, PMNs, PMNLs

A

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

125
Q

PT, pro time

A

prothrombin time

126
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

127
Q

sed rate

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

128
Q

segs

A

segmented, mature WBCs

129
Q

SMAC

A

sequential Multiple Analyzer Computer

130
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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