Chp 12- Respiratory System Flashcards
External respiration
Exchange of air in lung capillaries
Internal respiration
exchange of gases in the cells
Mediastinum
middle of chest where trachea divides into two branches
bronchi
each leads to seperate lung
lungs
lobes are not mirror images
hilum
blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue, and bronchial tubes enter and exit
adenoids
lymohatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
alveolus
air sac in lung
apex of lung
tip or uppermost portion of lung
bases of lung
lower portion of lung
bronchioles
smallest branches of the bronchi
cilia
thin hairs attached to mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
diaphragm
muscle separating the chest and abdomen
glottis
slit-like opening to the larynx
nares
opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavity
palatine tonsil
one pair of almond shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
paranasal sinus
one of the air cavities on the bones near the nose
parietal pleura
outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
pharynx
throat
pleura
double folded membrane surrounding each lung
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lungs, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
visceral pleura
inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
adenoid/o
adenoids
alveol/o
alveolus, air sac
bronch/o
bronchial tube
bronchi/o
bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiole, small bronchus
capn/o
carbon dioxide
coni/o
dust
lobo/o
love of lung
nas/o
nose
orth/o
straight, upright
ox/o
oxygen
pector/o
chest
phon/o
voice
phren/o
diaphragm
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o
air, lung
pulmon/o
lung
spir/o
breathing
tel/o
complete
thorac/o
chest
tonsill/o
tonsils
trache/o
trachea/ windpipe
-ema
condition
-osmia
smell
-pnea
breathing
-ptysis
spitting
-sphyxia
pulse
-thorax
pleural cavity
V/Q scan
ventilation-perfusion scan
VC
Vital capacity
VATS
Video- assisted thoracic surgery
Vt
tidal volume
URI
Upper respiratory infection
TLC
total lung capacity
TB
tuberculosis
SOB
Shortness of breath
SCLC
small cell lung cancer
SABA
short-acting beta agonist
ABGs
arterial blood gases
AFB
acid-fast bacillus
ARDS
acute respiratory distress syndrome
BAL
bronchioalveolar lavage
Bronch
bronchoscope
CF
cystic fibrosis
CPAP
Continuous positive airway pressure
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
C & S
cultural and sensitivity testing (of septum)
CTPA
computed tomography pulmonary angiography
CXR
Chest x-ray (film)
DLco
Diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide
DOE
dyspnea on exertion
DPT
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
FEV1
Forced expiration volume in 1 sec
FVC
Forced vital capacity
ICU
intensive care unit
LLL
left lower lung
LUL
left upper lung
MAC
mycobacterium avium
MDI
metered-dose inhaler
NSCLC
non-small lung cancer
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
Pa^CO2
carbon dioxide partial pressure
Pa^O2
O2 partial pressure
PCP
pneumocystis pneumonia
PEP
positive expiratory pressure
PEEP
Positive end-expiratory pressure
PFTs
Pulmonary function test
PND
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
PPD
purified protein derivative
RDS
Respiratory distress syndrome
RLL
right lower lung
RML
Right middle lobe
RSV
Respiratory syncytial virus
RUL
right upper lobe
RV
residual volume
Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan
inhalation of radioactive gas for imaging, followed by injection of different radioactive material for imaging
Bronchoscopy
Fiberoptic or rigid endoscope inserted into bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy, or collection of secretions
thoracotomy
cut is made between the ribs to see and reach the lungs or other organs in the chest or thorax
thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space
Tracheostomy
surgical creation of an opening into trachea through neck
