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Medical Terminology > Chp 17- Sense Organs > Flashcards

Chp 17- Sense Organs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

accommodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

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2
Q

anterior chamber

A

the area behind the cornea and in front of the lens an iris

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3
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in anterior chamber

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4
Q

bioconvex

A

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly; lens of the eye is biconvex

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5
Q

choroid

A

middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retinal and sclera

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6
Q

ciliary body

A

structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris; controls shape of lens and secretes aqueous humor

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7
Q

cone

A

photorecpetor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into nerve impulse; responsible for colour and central vision

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8
Q

conjunctiva

A

delicate membrane that lines the undersurface of eyelids and covers anterior eyeball

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9
Q

cornea

A

fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of eyeball

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10
Q

fovea centralis

A

tiny depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision

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11
Q

fondus of the eye

A

posterior, inner part of the eye

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12
Q

iris

A

pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye

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13
Q

lens

A

transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye

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14
Q

macula

A

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc

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15
Q

optic chiasm

A

the point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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16
Q

optic disc

A

the region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blindspot

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17
Q

optic nerve

A

cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain

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18
Q

pupil

A

central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass

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19
Q

refraction

A

bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina

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20
Q

retina

A

light sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells

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21
Q

rod

A

photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision

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22
Q

sclera

A

tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

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23
Q

thalamus

A

relay center of the brain

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24
Q

vitreous

A

soft jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber

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25
Q

aque/o

A

water

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26
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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27
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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28
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

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29
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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30
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body

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31
Q

dacry/o

A

tears, tear ducts

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32
Q

ir/o

A

iris

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33
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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34
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea

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35
Q

lacrim/o

A

tears

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36
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

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37
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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38
Q

opt/o

A

eye, vision

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39
Q

optic/o

A

eye, vision

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40
Q

palpebr/o

A

eyelid

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41
Q

papill/o

A

optic disc

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42
Q

phac/o

A

lens of the eye

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43
Q

phak/o

A

lens of the eye

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44
Q

pupill/o

A

pupil

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45
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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46
Q

scler/o

A

sclera

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47
Q

uve/o

A

uvea

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48
Q

vitre/o

A

glassy

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49
Q

ambly/o

A

dull, dim

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50
Q

dipl/o

A

double

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51
Q

glauc/o

A

gray

52
Q

mi/o

A

small, less

53
Q

mydr/o

A

widen, enlarge

54
Q

nyct/o

A

night

55
Q

phot/o

A

light

56
Q

presby/o

A

old age

57
Q

scot/o

A

darkness

58
Q

xer/o

A

dry

59
Q

-opia

A

vision

60
Q

-opsia

A

vision

61
Q

-tropia

A

to turn

62
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

63
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

64
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

65
Q

presbyopia

A

impairment of vision due to old age reducing lens accomodation

66
Q

chalazion

A

small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid; formed as a result of chronic inflammation of sebaceous gland along margin of eyelid

67
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure damages the retina and optic nerve

68
Q

hordeolum (stye)

A

staph infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid

69
Q

macular degenreation

A

progressive damage to macular of the retina

70
Q

nystagmus

A

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

71
Q

strabismus

A

abnormal deviation of the eye

72
Q

retinal detachment

A

two layers of retina separate from each other

73
Q

photopsia

A

bright flashes of light

74
Q

floaters

A

vitreous clumps of retina

75
Q

sclera buckle

A

belt used to buckle the retina to sclera

76
Q

pnuematic retinopexy

A

a gas bubble injected in vitreous cavity to help reattach retina

77
Q

fluorescein angiography

A

dye injection to examine blood flow in the retina

78
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of the eye through dilated pupil

79
Q

slit lamp microscopy

A

magnified view of expanded number of eye structures

80
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the entire eyeball

81
Q

lasik

A

laser to correct errors of refraction by sculpting the cornea

82
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cornea

83
Q

scleral buckle

A

suture of a silicone band to the sclera over the detached portion of retina

84
Q

phacoemuslification

A

ultrasound to break up lens for aspiration for cataract removal

85
Q

vitrectomy

A

removal of vitreous and replacement with a clear solution

86
Q

auditory canal

A

channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

87
Q

auditory meatus

A

auditory canal

88
Q

auditory nerve fibers

A

carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain

89
Q

auditory tube

A

channel between the middle ear and nasopharynx; protruding parting of external ear, or pinna

90
Q

cerumen

A

waxy substance secreted by external ear; also called earwax

91
Q

cochlea

A

snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear

92
Q

endolymph

A

fluid within the labyrinth of the inner ear

93
Q

eustachian tube

A

auditory tube

94
Q

incus

A

second ossicle of the middle ear

95
Q

labyrinth

A

maze-like series of canals of the inner ear

96
Q

malleus

A

first ossicle of the middle ear

97
Q

organ of corti

A

sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear

98
Q

ossicle

A

small bone of the ear

99
Q

oval window

A

membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear

100
Q

perilymph

A

fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear

101
Q

pinna

A

auricle; flap of the ear

102
Q

semicircular canals

A

passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium

103
Q

stapes

A

third ossicle of the middle ear

104
Q

tympanic membrane

A

membrane between the outer and the middle ear; eardrum

105
Q

vestibule

A

central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea

106
Q

acous/o

A

hearing

107
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

108
Q

audit/o

A

hearing

109
Q

aur/o

A

ear

110
Q

auricul/o

A

ear

111
Q

cochle/o

A

chochlea

112
Q

mastoid/o

A

mastoid process

113
Q

myring/o

A

eardrum, tympanic membrane

114
Q

ossicul/o

A

ossicle

115
Q

ot/o

A

ear

116
Q

salping/o

A

eustachian tube

117
Q

staped/o

A

stapes

118
Q

tympan/o

A

eardrum, tympanic membrane

119
Q

vestibul/o

A

vestibule

120
Q

-acusis / -cusis

A

hearing

121
Q

-meter

A

instrument for measure

122
Q

-otia

A

ear condition

123
Q

tinnitus

A

sensation of noises (ringing, buzzing, whistling, booming) in the ears

124
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of irregular motion (whirling) from disease of inner ear or nerve carrying messages from the semicircular canals

125
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of middle ear

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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