Chp. 14 - Therapy

Question 1

Psychotherapy

Answer 1

Treatment involves using psychological
techniques. Consists of interactions between a trained
therapist and someone seeking to overcome
psychological difficulties or achieve
personal growth.

Question 2

Biomedical Therapy

Answer 2

Treatment involves prescribing medications
or procedures that act directly on the
personʼs physiology.

Question 3

Freud’s Therapeutic Technique

Answer 3

Aims to bring patientsʼ repressed feelings into
conscious awareness. Helps patients gain insight into the origins of
their disorders.

Question 4

Techniques of Psychoanalysis

Answer 4

Unearths the past in hopes of loosening its
bonds on the present. Uses free association, in which clients are
asked to share their thoughts.

Question 5

Resistance

Answer 5

The blocking from consciousness of
anxiety-laden material.

Question 6

Transference

Answer 6

The client begins to view the therapist as a
someone from their own past and
begins to treat/act differently
towards them.

Question 7

Interpretation

Answer 7

The analystʼs noting supposed dream
meanings, resistances, and other
significant behaviors and events so
as to promote insight.

Question 8

Humanistic Therapies

Answer 8

Emphasize peopleʼs innate potential for self-fulfillment. Help them grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Question 9

Insight Therapies

Answer 9

Humanistic and psychodynamic therapies are referred to as insight
therapies.

Question 10

Insight Therapy

Answer 10

Therapies that aim to improve psychological
functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying
motives and defenses.

Question 11

Summarize

Answer 11

Check your understanding by repeating the other person’s statements in your own words.

Question 12

Invite Clarification

Answer 12

“What might be an example of that?” may encourage the person to
say more.

Question 13

Reflect Feelings

Answer 13

“It sounds frustrating” might mirror what you sense from the
personʼs body language and emotional intensity.

Question 14

Counterconditioning

Answer 14

Uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors. Therapists use exposure therapies and aversive conditioning. Insight therapies assume that self-awareness and psychological well-being go hand in hand.

Question 15

Exposure Therapy

Answer 15

Treat anxieties by exposing people
(in their imagination or in actual
situations) to the things they fear
and avoid. Systematic desensitization.

Question 16

Aversive Conditioning

Answer 16

Association of unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior which creates an aversive response to the harmful/unwanted stimulus.

Question 17

CBT – Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Answer 17

Integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior
therapy.

Question 18

DBT- Dialectical Behavioral Therapy

Answer 18

Combines cognitive tactics (for tolerating distress and regulating emotions) with social skills training and mindfulness meditation.

Question 19

Benefits of Group Therapy

Answer 19

Saves therapistsʼ time and clients’ money. Offers a social laboratory for exploring social behaviors and developing social skills. Enables clients to see that others share their problems. Provides feedback as clients try out new ways of behaving.

Question 20

Family Therapy

Answer 20

The treatment emphasis is not on changing the individuals, but rather on changing their relationships and interactions.

Question 21

Effectiveness of Psychotherapy

Answer 21

Those not undergoing therapy improve. Those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly and with less risk of relapse.

Question 22

Evidence-Based Practice

Answer 22

Clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

Question 23

Relational Aspects of Therapy: Hope

Answer 23

An expectation that, with commitment from the therapy seeker, things can and will get better.

Question 24

Relational Aspects of Therapy: New Perspective

Answer 24

Every psychotherapy offers people an explanation of their symptoms.

Question 25

Relational Aspects of Therapy: Therapeutic Alliance

Answer 25

A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the clientʼs problem.

Question 26

Biomedical Therapy

Answer 26

Changes the brainʼs chemistry with drugs. Affects the brainʼs circuitry with electrical stimulation, magnetic impulses, or psychosurgery. Influences the brainʼs responses to lifestyle changes.

Question 27

Therapeutic Lifestyle Change

Answer 27

Exercise, nutrition, relationships, recreation, relaxation, and religious or spiritual engagement. Influence the brain and body and affect mental health. Human beings were designed for physical activity and social engagement. Modern researchers have found that outdoor activity in a natural
environment reduces stress and promotes health. Biomedical therapies assume that the mind and body are a unit.

Question 28

Drug Therapy

Answer 28

Most widely used biomedical treatment. When testing a new drug, the double-blind technique is employed. Researchers give half the patients the drug and the other half a
similar-appearing placebo. Neither the staff nor the patients know who gets which one.

Question 29

Psychosurgery

Answer 29

Removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior. Least-used biomedical therapy.

Question 30

Lobotomy

Answer 30

Psychosurgical procedure were once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. Nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain are cut. People became permanently listless, immature, and uncreative.

Question 31

Resilience

Answer 31

Personal strength helps people cope with stress and recover from adversity and trauma. Struggling with challenging crises can lead to posttraumatic growth.

Question 32

Posttraumatic growth

Answer 32

Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.