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Pharm Block 1 > Cholinergics:Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist > Flashcards

Cholinergics:Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist Flashcards

1
Q

competitively block muscarinic receptors (parasympatholytics, antimuscarinics)

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

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2
Q

Are muscarinic receptor antagonists selective for receptor subtypes?

A

no

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3
Q

Effect of muscarinic receptor antagonist:

_____ iris sphincter and ciliary muscles – mydriasis and paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia)

A

relax

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4
Q

Effect of muscarinic receptor antagonist:

_______ non-vascular smooth muscle (airways, GI tract, urinary bladder)

A

relax

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5
Q

Effect of muscarinic receptor antagonist:

_______ heart rate

A

increase

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6
Q

Effect of muscarinic receptor antagonist:

______ exocrine gland secretion (sweat, salivary, lacrimal, intestinal, mucosal glands)

A

inhibit

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7
Q

Effect of muscarinic receptor antagonist:
CNS effects
- low (therapeutic) doses produce _______
- higher, toxic doses produce _________

A

sedation

excitement, delirium, agitation, toxic psychosis

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8
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist:

effectively treat bradyarrhythmias due to high vagal tone~~~ specifically MI or hyperactive carotid reflex

A

Atropine

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9
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist:

to produce mydriasis (dilation) and cylcoplegia (paralysis of accommodation)

A

Atropine

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10
Q

Duration of action of Atropine

A
  • long duration of action (7-10 days) -
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11
Q

What drug would I use to allow for thorough examination of the retina and optic disc
and to allow certain surgical procedures - treat acute iritis or choroiditis

A

Atropine

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12
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonist:
uses in anesthesia: - commonly given to block responses to vagal reflexes induced by
surgical manipulation of visceral organs

A

Atropine

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13
Q
  • use to treat anticholinesterase or muscarinic toxicity
A

Atropine

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14
Q

tx motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

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15
Q

Which penetrates CNS better: scopolamine or atropine

A

scopolamine

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16
Q

which alkaloid muscarinic receptor antagonist works through CNS?

A

scopolamine

17
Q

Use to tx vestibular disease

A

scopolamine

18
Q

Used to tx crhonic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Ipratropium

19
Q

Good for COPD but less so for asthma

A

Ipratropium

20
Q

Drug that reduces secreations and reduces bronchoconstriction

A

Ipratropium

21
Q

Adminstration of Ipratropium

A

inhialer

22
Q

Does Ipratropium penetrate CNS?

A

No

23
Q

How does Ipratropium tx COPD

A

reduces bronchoconstriction and reduced secreations

24
Q

Good for fast eye dialation

A

Tropicamide

25
Q

Tropicamide effects

A

dialation and paralysis of ciliary muscle so loss of accomidation

26
Q

Tropicamide is what type of drug

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

27
Q

Tropicamide has fast/slow onset and long or short duration

A

fast onset and short duration

28
Q
  • used to treat overactive bladder and incontinence

bad choice

A

Oxybutynin

29
Q

Whats the downside of using oxybutynin?

A
  • high incidence of anti-muscarinic side effects

- xerostomia mainly, but also blurred vision, GI (constipation) & CNS (drowsiness, confusion) antimuscarinic effects

30
Q
  • used to treat overactive bladder and incontinence (good choice)
A

Darifenacin

31
Q

Why is darifenacin a better choice then oxybutynin for overactive bladder?

A

selective M3 blocker so less CNS side effects

32
Q

used to block parasympathomimetic effects during reversal of neuromuscular blockade with anticholinesterase agents

A

Glycopyrrolate

33
Q

Glycopyrrolate penetrate CNS?

A

quaternary amine so no CNS penetration

34
Q

If you use neostigmine to reverse skeletal muscle paralysis, you get parasympathomimetic effect… you can use _______ so we don’t overdo it with the neostigmine

A

Glycopyrrolate

35
Q

Glycopyrrolate stops what type of symptoms from neostigmine

A

SLUDGE

36
Q

Side effects of muscarinic receptor agonists

A
  • Hot as a hare (no sweating)
  • Dry as a bone (dry mouth, dry hot skin, no sweating)
  • Red as a beet (due to excessive heat and no sweating)
  • Blind as a bat (mydriasis, cycloplegia, blurred vision)
  • Drowsiness (CNS action)
37
Q

Three pt profiles to be careful when using muscarinic receptor antagonists

A

Glaucoma (d/t eye issues)
Benign Prosthetic hyperplasia (already have issues urinating)
Any pt with tachycardia

38
Q

What drug do we use to tx poisoning of muscarinic receptor agonists?

A

physostigmine if severe bc it’s an AchE inhibitor that will penetrate CNS

Pharm Block 1 (23 decks)

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