Cholinergics: General

Question 1

Muscarinic receptor agonists are:

Answer 1

parasympathomimetics

Question 2

direct agonists of muscarinic receptors

produce

Answer 2

effects similar to those observed during the stimulation of post-ganglionic
parasympathetic nerves

Question 3

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (anticholinesterase agents)

Answer 3

• agents that enhance the effects of endogenously released acetylcholine by blocking its natural breakdown by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase

Question 4

What site is achetycholinesterase inhibitors used at?

Answer 4

• effective at any site where acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter

Question 5

Muscarinic receptor antagonists are:

Answer 5

(parasympatholytics, antimuscarinic agents)

Question 6

Muscarinic receptor antagonist work by competitively block muscarinic receptors - interfere with responses that result from________ stimulation

Answer 6

parasympathetic

Question 7

competitive antagonists for nicotinic receptors (NN) at autonomic ganglia

Answer 7

Ganglionic blocking agents (neural nicotinic receptor antagonists)

Question 8

Ganglionic blocking agents interfere with ganglionic transmission of

Answer 8

both parasympathetic and sympathetic

nerves

Question 9

block neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction producing paralysis of skeletal muscle

Answer 9

Neuromuscular junction blocking agents

Question 10

Response of eye to muscarinic receptor

Answer 10

Contraction of the ciliary muscle to focus lens for near vision
Contraction of the iris sphincter muscle causing miosis

Question 11

Response of heart to muscarinic receptor

Answer 11

decreased rate

Question 12

Response of lung to muscarinic receptor

Answer 12

Constriction of bronchi

Promotion of secretions

Question 13

Response of bladder to muscarinic receptor

Answer 13

voiding

Question 14

Response of GI tract to muscarinic receptor

Answer 14

Salivation Increased gastric secretions Increased intestinal tone and motility

Question 15

Response of bladder tract to muscarinic receptor

Answer 15

Generalized sweating

Question 16

Nicotinic NM (muscle):
Skeletal muscle action is

Answer 16

end-plate depolarization and contraction

Question 17

Nicotinic NN (neural)
Autonomic ganglia

Answer 17

depolarization and firing of post-ganglionic neurons

Question 18

Nicotinic NN (neural)
Adrenal medulla

Answer 18

depolarization and secretion of catecholamines

Question 19

Nicotinic (CNS)

Brain and spinal cord

Answer 19

control of neurotransmitter release

Question 20

MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR AGONISTS - direct agonists of muscarinic receptors; produce effects similar to those observed during
the stimulation of :

Answer 20

post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves (parasympathomimetics)

Question 21

Muscarinics receptors are:

Answer 21

G-protein receptors so are slower then nicotinic

Question 22

Nicotinic receptors are

Answer 22

ion-gated so are faster then muscarinic

Question 23

Muscarinic and nicotinic both use_____ as their NT

Answer 23

Ach

Question 24

______ is responsible for EPSP after binding of Ach

Answer 24

nicotinic

Question 25

Which uses second messenger system: nicotinic or muscarinic

Answer 25

muscarinic

Question 26

The parasympathetic nervous system, which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages, is said to be almost entirely

Answer 26

cholinergic