Adrenergics: Indirect Acting Adrenergic agonists

Question 1

release endogenous norepinephrine from nerve terminals

Answer 1

Indirect acting adrenergic antagonist

Question 2

Indirect acting only :

Answer 2

only action is to release norepinephrine

Question 3

What is my only indirect acting drug that’s only action is to release Nepi?

Answer 3

Tyramine

Question 4

Tyramine releases Nepi from ________ nerves and causes sympathomimetic actions

Answer 4

Sympathetic

Question 5

Found at high levels in certain foods (fermented foods such as wines, beer, certain cheeses and sausages)

Answer 5

Tyramine

Question 6

What enZ will metabolizes tyramine to inactive prodcuts?

Answer 6

monoamine oxidase

Question 7

Why type of drug do we need to be careful of if a patient is eating foods like wine, beer, cheese and sausages

Answer 7

In patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ingestion of food with high
levels of tyramine(beer, sausage, wine) can cause hypertensive crisis

Question 8

Type of indirect acting adrenergic drug class that will increase Nepi release and stimulate adrenergic receptors

Answer 8

Mixed acting

Question 9

Two examples of mixed acting indirect acting adrenergics

Answer 9

Ephedrine and Amphetamine

Question 10

Amphetamine is a powerful sytimulant of :

Answer 10

CNS

Question 11

Amphetamine is a powerful CNS stimulant in addition to:

Answer 11

peripheral α and β receptor actions

Question 12

Amphetamine is effective after oral administration – ______ t 1⁄2

Answer 12

long

Question 13

This drug releases NE from adrenergic neurons but also a weak direct α and β agonist

Answer 13

Amphetamine

Question 14

Besides releasing NE from adrenergic neurons, what weaker effect does amphetamine have?

Answer 14

weak direct alpha and beta agonist

Question 15

What affect does amphetamine have on the NE transporter (NET)?

Answer 15

weakly blocks the norepinephrine transporter (NET)

Question 16

What effect does amphetamine have on appetite?

Answer 16

• Depresses appetite

Question 17

This drug therapy is used to treat narcolepsy, attention deficit disorder

Answer 17

Amphetamines

Question 18

Ephedrine has____ asymmetric carbons creating ____isomers

Answer 18

two

4

Question 19

4 isomers of ephedrine:

Answer 19

: d- and l- ephedrine and d- and l- pseudoephedrine

Question 20

Ephedrine is effective:

Answer 20

Orally

Question 21

Ephedrine works how and on which receptors?

Answer 21

direct agonist (α and β receptors) and releases NE that activates adrenergic receptors

Question 22

What does ephedrine do to CNS?

Answer 22

CNS stimulation

Question 23

some herbal preparations contain ephedrine (ma huang, ephedra), resultin in

Answer 23

inadvertent consumption of high doses of ephedrine

Question 24

previously used to treat asthma, but has been replaced by β2 agonists -

Answer 24

Ephedrine

Question 25

Pseudoephedrine

- direct _______activity with little ______activity

Answer 25

α1 agonist

β2 agonist

Question 26

Major therapeutic use: nasal decongestant (due to α1 agonist effects)

Answer 26

pseudophedrine

Question 27

used as a precursor to illegally synthesize methamphetamine

Answer 27

psedophedrine;
legislation in 2006 requires pharmacies to collect personal information from buyers and to limit its sale to a 30-day supply

Question 28

Why is pseudophedrine a good drug therapy for nasal decongestant?

Answer 28

because of it’s alpha 1 agonist effects

Question 29

Side effects and toxicity of adrenergic agonists

1. Throbbing headache due to potent vasoconstriction – (receptor and action responsible

Answer 29

α agonists

Question 30

Side effects and toxicity of adrenergic agonists

Increased heart rate (palpitations) (receptor and action responsible)

Answer 30

β agonists

Question 31

Side effect and toxicity of adrenergic agonist:
Pericardial pain (angina) usually due to increased heart rate (receptor and action responsible)

Answer 31

β agonists

Question 32

Side effect and toxicity of adrentergic agonist: Cardiac arrhythmias -(receptor and action responsible)

Answer 32

β agonists

Question 33

Side effect and toxicity of adrenergic agonist: Cerebral hemorrhage – due to ↑ systemic blood pressure -(receptor and action responsible)

Answer 33

α agonists

Question 34

Side effect and toxicity of adrenergic agonist:

Restlessness, anxiety, etc. (receptor and action responsible)

Answer 34

α and β agonists