Chemistry of life

Question 1

Carbohydrate (mainly glucose)

Answer 1

provide energy and help build DNA/RNA

Question 2

Lipids

Answer 2

(don’t dissolve in water formed from C , H , O) oil-like consistency
form cell membranes. triglycerides, phospholipids and steroids.

Question 3

Nucleic Acids

Answer 3

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) genetic code & Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) maufacture protein and other molecules

Question 4

Proteins

Answer 4

large molecules that contain C , H , O , N and some contain S) basic building block is amino acid. protect, provide, shortening of muscles, transport oxygen speed up chemical reaction

Question 5

Structural Proteins

Answer 5

Provide strength ( e.g collagen in bone and keratin in hair and nails)

Question 6

Hormones (protein)

Answer 6

insulin

Question 7

Contractile muscles (protein)

Answer 7

allow shortening of muscle cells (actin and myosin)

Question 8

Antibodies (protein)

Answer 8

Provide protection/Defense against foreign cells and bacteria

Question 9

Haemoglobin (protein)

Answer 9

transport oxygen

Question 10

Enzymes (protein)

Answer 10

Speed up chemical reactions (amylase, maltase, lipase, proteases) (very specific)

Question 11

Neurotransmitters (protein)

Answer 11

transmit to other parts of the body

Question 12

Nucleotides

Answer 12

basic units of nucleic acids and are compose of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar an a base. (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) A-T /// C-G