Cell membrane and membrane transport Flashcards

1
Q

Cell membrane does what?

A

Covers and protects the cells cytoplasm and controls what goes in/out and connects cells to each other

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2
Q

What does the cell membrane contain?

A
  • phosphilipds
  • proteins
  • cholestrol
  • glycoproteins (carb & protein)
  • Glycolipids ( cab & lipid)
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3
Q

What are ion channels

A

channel carriers selectively move Ions through the membrane in/out.

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4
Q

how is homeostatis helped

A

via selectively permeable membrane

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5
Q

Lipid solubles can..

A

freely pass through and gasses and fat soluble substances can slip through

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6
Q

channel proteins..

A

allow water and ions to pass through a channel

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7
Q

Passive transport

A

substances moving across cell membrane due to kinectic energy. and do bulk transport
NO ATP

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8
Q

Active Transport

A

involves substances moving across membrane with the use of energy, they go across their concentration gradient.

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9
Q

Simple Diffusion

A
  • the movement of molecules from area of their own high concentration to an area of their own low concentration
  • with or with out membrane
  • they include steroids fat soluble vitamins (D, E, K,A) O2 & CO2 etc
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10
Q

Osmosis

A
  • movement of water through selective permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration (hypotonic) to an area of low water Concentration (Hypertonic)
  • “where NA+ goes H2O follows”
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11
Q

hypotonic

A

low concentration of solutes

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12
Q

Hypertonic

A

higher concentration of solute.

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13
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A
  • The movements of molecules across the membrane down their concentration gradient
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14
Q

Protein Carriers

A

have a concentration of amino acids and they push glucose through their protein carrier

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15
Q

Channel Carriers

A
  • let ions or water through and have gates to let them through (H2O, NA+, K)
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16
Q

Active transport

A
  • is done by protein structures in the cell membrane called a ‘Pump’.
  • uses ATP to push substances across the cell membrane against high concentrated substances
17
Q

Transport in vesicles

A
  • a vesicle is a small membrane-bound spherical sac and is formed by budding off of the membrane
18
Q

Exocytosis

A
  • vesicles fuse with plasma membrane releasing their contents out of the cell into extracellular fluid e.g. proteins synthesised in the cell packaged to leave the cell.
19
Q

Endocytosis

A
  • materials move into the cell
  • Pagnocytosis (particles)
  • Pinocytosis ( fluid)
20
Q

Lysosome organelle

A

contains digestive enzymes