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Advanced Embalming > Chemicals Used in Funeral Profession- Test 6 > Flashcards

Chemicals Used in Funeral Profession- Test 6 Flashcards

1
Q
  • A narcotic in high concentrations which can cause skin irritation from defatting of tissue.
  • Prolonged inhalation can cause headache, dryness, and throat irritation.
  • A dangerous fire risk when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Acetone

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2
Q
  • Accessory embalming chemical
  • External sealing composition
  • Lip tint
  • Solvents
  • Sealants
A

Acetone Is found In:

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3
Q

1,000ppm

A

OSHA PEL of Acetone

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4
Q

750ppm, 1000 ppm STEL

A

ACGIH TLV

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5
Q
  • This material belongs to the chemical family “quaternary ammonium compounds.”
  • It is a skin and eye irritant.
  • It has moderate to high oral toxicity and is moderately toxic via skin absorption.
A

Health Effects of :

Alkyl Dimethylbenzel Ammonium Chloride

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6
Q
  • Cold disinfectant
  • Embalming spray
  • Embalming cauterant
A

Alkyl Dimethylbenzyl Ammonium Chloride is found in:

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7
Q

Formerly known as Red Dye #2, this member of the azo dye family is a suspect human carcinogen. It is no longer acceptable in food, drugs, or cosmetics.

A

Health Effects of:

Amaranth

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8
Q

Coloring powder for arterial fluids.

A

Amaranth is Found in:

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9
Q

Moderate to low oral toxicity. Listed by IARC and NTP as a possible carcinogen.

A

Health Effects of:

Amitrole

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10
Q
  • Cavity embalming chemical
  • Autopsy chemical
A

Amitrole is found in:

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11
Q
  • Mildly irritating to the skin;
  • Can be absorbed via skin contact.
  • It is a strong respiratory and eye irritant. Exposure may result in transient corneal clouding.
  • Repeated overexposure can yield fatigue, headache, and tremor.
  • It is a moderate fire risk; will react with oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

2-Butoxyethanol

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12
Q

Arterial embalming chemical.

A

2-Butoxyethanol is Found in:

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13
Q

25ppm (120mg/m3)

A

ACGIH TLV for 2-Butoxyethanol

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14
Q

50ppm (240mg/m3)

A

OSHA PEL for 2-Butoxyethanol

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15
Q
  • High to moderate ingestion hazard.
  • Local exposure may cause irritation.
A

Health Effects of:

Camphor

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16
Q

Accessory embalming fluid.

A

Camphor is Found in:

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17
Q

2ppm, 3ppm STEL

A

ACGIH TLV for Camphor

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18
Q

2mg/m3

A

OSHA PEL for Camphor

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19
Q
  • High to moderate skin/eye irritation.
  • Can be corrosive to tissue.
  • High to moderate respiratory irritation.
  • They are strong oxidizers and are highly reactive.
  • They can be a serious fire risk when exposed to reducing agents (i.e. acids) or petroleum derivatives.
A

Health Effects of :

Chlorine Salts (Hypochlorites, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, evolve chlorinated vapor)

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20
Q
  • Embalming adjunct/deodorant
  • Bleaches
  • Disinfectants
A

Chlorine Salts (Hypochlorites) are Found in:

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21
Q

1 ppm

A

ACGIH TLV for Chlorine Salts

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22
Q

1 ppm (Chlorine)

A

OSHA PEL for Chlorine Salts

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23
Q
  • Formally used as an anaesthetic
  • The material causes CNS depression, skin and eye (conjunctive) irritation.
  • Prolonged exposure can lead to cardiac and respiratory arrest, paralysis.
  • Chronic exposure may cause liver damage.
  • Listed in IARC and NTP as a possible carcinogen.
A

Health Effects of Chloroform

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24
Q

Accesory embalming chemical sealant.

A

Chloroform is Found in:

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25
Q

50ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL for Chloroform

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26
Q

10ppm

A

TLV for Chloroform

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27
Q

Refers to a mixture of three isomers: ortho-, meta-, and paracresol.

A

Cresol

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28
Q

Similar to those of Phenol, but not quite as severe:

  • Corrosive to skin, eyes, mucous membranes
  • Capable of causing burns at point of contact.
  • The material can be absorbed through the skin.
  • Chronic low-level exposure can cause skin rash and discoloration.
  • Systemically, chronic low level exposure can cause GI disturbances, nervous system disturbances, kidney and liver damage.
  • It is a moderate fire hazard.
  • Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.
A

Health Effects of:

Cresol

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29
Q
  • Disinfecting embalming chemical
  • Assessory embalming chemical
A

Cresol is Found in:

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30
Q

5ppm

A

TLV for Cresol

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31
Q

5ppm TWA

A

OSHA for Cresol

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32
Q
  • A severe eye irritant
  • Mild skin irritant
  • Moderately toxic via ingestion
  • It can react with oxidizers
A

Health Effects of:

Diethanolamine

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33
Q
  • Humectant
  • Arterial embalming fluid
A

Diethanolamine is Found in:

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34
Q

3ppm

A

TLV for Diethanolamine

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35
Q
  • A skin/eye irritant.
  • Highly toxic via inhalation.
  • It can react with oxidizers.
A

Diethylene Glycol

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36
Q
  • Arterial embalming fluid
  • Cavity embalming fluid
A

Diethylene Glycol is Found in:

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37
Q
  • Strong irritant to skin and other tissue.
  • Readily absorbed through skin contact.
  • Absorption via inhalation/skin contact can cause gastrointestinal disturbances, facial flushing, elevated blood pressure, CNS effects, liver and kidney damage.
A

Health Effects of:

Methylformamide

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38
Q

Solvent

A

Methylformamide is Found in:

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39
Q

10ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: Methylformamide

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40
Q

10ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Methylformamide

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41
Q
  • Causes eye irritation.
  • Causes irritation to the mucous linings of the eyes, gums, respiratory tract.
  • It can act as a mild narcotic and can cause dermatitis.
  • Repeated overexposures can cause conjunctivitis and corneal clouding.
  • High concentrations can cause congestion of the liver and kidneys.
  • It is a dangerous fire risk.
A

Health Effects of:

Ethyl Acetate

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42
Q
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Cavity embalming fluid
  • Sanitizing embalming spray
  • Sealing lacquer
A

Ethyl Acetate is Found in:

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43
Q

400ppm

A

ACGIH TLV for Ethyl Acetate

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44
Q

400ppm (1400mg/m3) TWA

A

OSHA PEL for Ethyl Acetate

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45
Q

Familiar as the alcohol in beverages:

  • Oxidized by the liver to form carbon dioxide and water.
  • Generally not considered an occupational health hazard, however, it is a safety hazard due to its flammability.
  • The term “S.D.A.” or “S.D. Alcohol” means “Specially Denatured Alcohol.” S.D.A. is methyl alcohol to which another substance, such as tert-butyl alcohol has been added to make it unfit for human consumption.
A

Health Effects of:

Ethyl Alcohol (S.D. Alcohol)

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46
Q
  • Cavity embalming fluid
  • Cosmetics
A

Ethyl Alcohol is Found in:

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47
Q

1000ppm

A

OSHA PEL for Ethyl Alcohol (S.D. Alcohol)

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48
Q

Found in products as either the tetra sodium or disodium salt. They react chemically to “bind” calcium, which inhibits the blood clotting mechanism.

  • Skin Irritant
  • Causes dryness
A

EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid)

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49
Q
  • Toxic via inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption.
  • Strong irritant to skin and eyes.
  • Dangerous fire risk.
  • Listed in IARC as a possible carcinogen.
A

Health Effects of:

Ehtylene Dichloride

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50
Q
  • Accessory embalming fluid
  • Cavity embalming fluid
A

Ethylene Dichloride is Found in:

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51
Q

10ppm

A

TLV for Ethylene Dichloride

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52
Q
  • Moderately irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
  • Very toxic via inhalation, which can produce CNS depression and damage to blood forming organs.
  • Does not readily volatilize at room temperature, and inhalation would likely only be by heating or mechanical action (mist).
  • Ingestion can cause initial CNS excitement, followed by CNS excitement, followed by CNS depression; respiratory, renal, and cardiac failure.
  • Bran damage may also be a result from ingestion.
  • Chronic exposure can cause anorexia, decreased urinary output, and nystagmus.
  • Combustible
  • Can react violently with certain acids and oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Ethylene Glycol

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53
Q
  • Cavity embalming chemical
  • Arterial embalming chemical
  • Tissue surface embalming seal
  • External embalming seal
  • Water corrective
  • Anticoagulant/clot remover
A

Ethylene Glycol is Found in:

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54
Q
  • 50ppm (vapor), ceiling
  • 125mg/m3 (particulate, mist), ceiling
A

ACGIH TLV

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55
Q
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption.
  • May cause conjunctivitis, tansient corneal clouding, and upper respiratory tract irritation.
A

Health Effects of:

Ethylene Glycol-Monomethyl Ether

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56
Q

Cosmetics.

A

Ethylene Glycol-monomethyl Either is Found in:

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57
Q

25ppm

A

OSHA PEL for Ethylene Glycol-monomethyl Ether

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58
Q

When in aqueous solution, the term “formalin” is often used.

A

Formaldehyde

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59
Q
  • Severe irritant via all routes of entry
  • A known sensitizer/allergen
  • Contact with eyes may cause corneal clouding, permanent eye damage.
  • Skin contact can cause a cracked, white, scaly dermatitis.
  • Chronic exposure can cause a hardening and tanning of the skin.
  • Sensitive persons can develop an allergic eczematous dermatitis and hives.
  • Ingestion can yield severe inflammation of nose, eyes, mouth, throat, and stomach, often accompanied by severe stomach pain. It can be fatal.
  • Inhalation can yield severe eye and throat irritation, difficulty in breathing, also coughing and bruning in the throat and eye tearing.
  • Prolonged or repeated exposures can yield respiratory impairment.
  • In higher concentrations, symptoms can include pulmonary edema, pneumonitis, also asthma and bronchitis.
  • A potential cancer hazard associated with nasopharyngeal, oropharngeal, and lung cancers in humans.
  • It is a moderate fire and explosion risk when exposed to heat or flame.
  • It can react violently with oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Formaldehyde

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60
Q
  • Emblaming adhesive gel
  • Incision sealer
  • Preservative cream
  • Feature builder
  • Pre-injection chemical
  • Supplemental embalming gel
  • Cavity embalming fluid/gel
  • Arterial embalming chemicals
  • Embalming spray
  • Bleaching agent
  • Preservative/disinfectant gel
  • Sanitizing embalming spray
  • Accessory embalming chemical
A

Formaldehyde is Found in:

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61
Q

.75ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Formaldehyde

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62
Q

2ppm/15 min

A

STEL: Formaldehyde

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63
Q
  • Corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
  • The material has a moderate to high oral toxicity and can be absorbed through the skin.
  • It is a moderate fire risk.
A

Health Effects of:

Formic Acid

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64
Q
  • Supplemental embalming chemical
  • Bleaching agent
A

Formic Acid is Found in:

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65
Q

5ppm

A

ACGIH TLV

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66
Q

5ppm TLV

A

OSHA PEL

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67
Q
  • Properties are similar to formaldehyde
  • Severe skin and eye irritant
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation and ingestion
A

Health Effects of:

Glutaraldehyde

68
Q
  • Arterial embalming fluid
  • filler
  • Cavity embalming fluid
  • Humectant
  • Accessory embalming fluid
  • Tissue disinfectant/ preservative gel
A

Glutaraldehyde is Found in:

69
Q
  • Eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation, ingestion.
  • Large oral dose can produce narcosis.
  • A low fire risk, it can react with oxidizing materials.
A

Health Effects of:

Hexylene Glycol

70
Q

Arterial embalming fluid.

A

Hexylene Glycol is Found in:

71
Q

25ppm, ceiling

72
Q
  • A simple asphyxiant, this material is otherwise practically non-toxic.
  • However, is a dangerous fire risk when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Isobutane

73
Q
  • Aerosol propellants
  • Cosmetics
  • Insecticide
  • Deodorant
A

Isobutane is Found in:

74
Q
  • Eye, nose, and throat irritant.
  • In high concentrations, it can induce a mild narcosis, corneal burns, and eye damage.
  • The material dries the skin by defatting the tissue.
  • Moderately toxic via ingestion.
  • Ingestion or inhalation of heavy vapor concentrations can cause flushing and CNS depression. 100ml. can be fatal.
  • It is a dangerous fire risk and moderate explosion risk when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Isopropyl Alcohol

75
Q
  • Cavity embalming fluid
  • Accessory embalming chemical
  • Tissue filler
  • Cosmetics
  • Feature builder
  • Aerosol
  • Deodorant
  • Supplemental embalming gel
  • Sealing lacquer
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Color concentrate
  • Pre-injection chemical
  • Liquid embalming cosmetic
  • Fungal inhibitor
  • Solvent thinner
A

Isopropyl Alcohol is Found in:

76
Q

400ppm

A

ACGIH TLV for Isopropyl Alcohol

77
Q

400ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL for Isopropyl Alcohol

78
Q
  • Skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant
  • Skin can become dry and craked from defatting action.
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation
  • Moderate to high toxicity via ingestion
  • The main target is the CNS, particularly the eyes, optic nerve, and possibly the retina.
  • Overexposure can cause CNS depression, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, photophobia, eye lesions, peripheral neuritis, and GI tract disturbances.
  • Severe overexposure can cause CNS depression, cardiac depression.
  • Metabolized slowly, sufficient daily intake can lead to cumulative exposure symptoms.
  • Dangerous fire and explosion risk when exposed to heat, flame, and oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Methyl Alcohol

79
Q
  • Arterial embalming fluid
  • Embalming spray
  • Embaling chemical disinfectant
  • Tissue filler
  • Accessory embalming fluid
  • Dry cleaner solvent
  • Preservative/disinfectant gel
  • Sanitizing embalming spray
  • Embalming cauterant
  • Embalming adhesive gel
  • Cavity embalming fluid/gel
  • Bleaching agent
  • Cosmetics
  • Color concentrate
  • Feature builder
  • Pre-injection chemical
  • Co-injection chemical
  • Supplemental embalming chemical
  • Supplemental embalming gel
  • Autopsy chemical
A

Methyl Alcohol is Found in:

80
Q

200ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Methyl Alcohol

81
Q

200ppm (skin)

A

ACGIH TLV: Methyl Alcohol

82
Q
  • Irritant to skin, repeated exposure can cause a dry, scaly dermatitis.
  • Vapor can cause eye, nose, and throat irritation.
  • Moderate oral toxicity
  • Highly volatile, inhalation is an important hazard.
  • Narcotic by inhalation, affecting both CNS ad peripheral nerves.
  • Dangerous fire risk and moderate explosion risk when exposed to heat, spark, or flame.
  • Can react violently with aldehydes, acids.
A

Health Effects of:

Methyl ethyl ketone

83
Q
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Thinner
  • Sealing lacquer
A

Methyl ethyl ketone is Found in:

84
Q
  • Moderate oral toxicity
  • Moderate skin/eye irritant
  • Used commonly as a bacteriocide/fungicide
A

Health Effects of:

2-2’ Methylene bis(4) chlorophenol

85
Q

Fungal Inhibitor

A

2-2’ Methylene bis(4) chlorophenol is Found in:

86
Q

200ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: 2-2’ Methylene bis(4) chlorophenol

87
Q

200ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: 2-2’ Methylene bis(4) chlorophenol

88
Q
  • High oral toxicity
  • Very dangerous to the eyes, causing corrosion of eye tissue
  • Because the material vaporizes readily, inhalation is an important hazard.
  • Irritation to the respiratory tract
  • Can cause liver damage and can exacerbate coronary artery disease.
  • Chronic exposure can cause dermatits, CNS and liver damages.
A

Health Effects of:

Methylene Chloride

89
Q
  • Symptoms of CNS depression
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • “Drunken” feeling
A

Common Symptoms Among Exposed Workers of Methylene Chloride

90
Q
  • External emblaming seal
  • Solvent
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Aerosol insecticide
  • Aerosol deodorizer
  • Tissue surface embalming seal
A

Methylene Chloride is Found in:

91
Q

100ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: Methylene Chlroide

92
Q

500ppm (TWA); 1000ppm ceiling

A

OSHA PEL: Methylene Chloride

93
Q
  • Moderately toxic via ingestion
  • Moderately irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
  • Repeated contact may cause chapping, photosensitivity.
  • Mist is highly irritating to the repiratory tract
  • Highly dangerous fire risk when exposed to heat, flame, or spark.
  • Incompatible with strong oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Mineral Spirits

94
Q

Often resemble drunkenness.

A

The Symptoms of Overexposure of Mineral Spirits

95
Q

Headache, nausea, dizziness, indigestion, lack of appetite.

A

Symptoms of Chronic Overexposure of Mineral Spirits

96
Q
  • liquid embalming cosmetic
  • Organic solvent
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
A

Mineral Spirits are Found in:

97
Q

100ppm TWA (400mg/m3)

A

OSHA PEL: Mineral Spirits

98
Q

Mixture of gypsum, limestone, portland cement, starch, and other related material.

A

Molding Plaster

99
Q
  • Generally considered a nuisance dust.
  • Some components are known to induce pneumoconiosis after prolonged or repeated exposures.
A

Health Effects of:

Molding Plaster

100
Q
  • Cavity desiccant
  • Embalming Powder
A

Molding Plaster is Found in:

101
Q

A dangerous fire and explosion hazard when in dry form. Less flammable when wet.

A

Health Effects of:

Nitrocellulose

102
Q
  • Feature builder
  • Sealing lacquer
A

Nitrocellulose is Found in:

103
Q
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation, ingestion.
  • Irritating to skin, eyes, conjunctiva, upper respiratory tract.
  • Acute exposure can induce symptoms of narcosis.
  • Repeated or prolonged skin contact with liquid can cause burns.
  • Chronic exposure may cause lung, liver, kidney damage.
  • It is a moderate risk when exposed to heat or flame and can react violently with oxdizing materials.
A

Health Effects of:

Orthodichlorobenzene

104
Q
  • Cavity emblaming chemical
  • Bleaching agent
  • Supplemental embalming gel
A

Orthodichlorobenzene is Found in:

105
Q

50ppm

A

TLV: Orthodichlorobenzene

106
Q

50ppm, ceiling

A

OSHA PEL: Orthodichlorobenzene

107
Q
  • Highly irritating and caustic to skin tissues
  • Highly irritating to tissues via ingestion
  • Major effects from the inhalation of dusts and mists.
  • Chronic exposure can cause upper respiratory and GI disturbances, albuminuria, gradual weight loss, and nervous system disturbances.
A

Health Effects of:

Oxalic Acid

108
Q

Damage is characterized by cracks, fissures, slow healing ulcerations, blue skin, and yellowish, brittle nails.

A

Oxalic Acid is Highly Irritating and Caustic to Skin Tissues

109
Q

Can cause corrosion of mucous membranes, severe GI disturbances, acute poisoning can result.

A

Oxalic Acid is Highly Irritating to Tissues Via Ingestion

110
Q

Corrosion and ulceration of the nose and throat tissue, severe eye irritation, epistaxis, headache, nervousness.

A

Major Effects From the Inhalation of Dusts and Mists of Oxalic Acid

111
Q

Embalming adhesive gel

A

Oxalic Acid is Found in:

112
Q

1mg/m3

A

ACGIH TLV: Oxalic Acid

113
Q

1mg/m3 TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Oxalic Acid

114
Q
  • Moderately toxic via inhalation
  • Prolonged or chronic skin exposure can cause burns.
  • In liquid form, it can be absorbed through the skin.
  • Chronic exposure can cause liver, kidney, and lung damage.
  • It is a moderate fire risk and is incompatible with oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Paradichlorobenzene

115
Q

Symptoms include irritation of the skin, eyes, and upper respiratory tract.

A

Parahichlorobenzene is Moderately Toxic Via Inhalation

116
Q

Embalming/deodorizing powder

A

Paradichlorobenzene is Found in:

117
Q

75ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: Paradichlorobenzene

118
Q

75ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Paradichlorobenzene

119
Q

A formaldehyde polymer that can evolve formaldehyde when heated.

A

Paraformaldehyde

120
Q
  • Moderate fire risk and can react with oxidizers
  • Moderate oral toxicity, low dermal toxicity
A

Health Effects of:

Paraformaldehyde

121
Q
  • Embalming/deodorizing powder
  • Cavity desiccant
  • Sealing powder
  • Hardening compound
A

Paraformaldehyde is Found in:

122
Q
  • Moderately toxic via oral/dermal routes
  • Skin and eye irritant
  • Slightly flammable
A

Health Effects of:

Paratertiary pentyl phenol

123
Q
  • Cavity embalming solution (trace)
  • Antiseptic soap
  • Disinfectant spray
  • Bleaching agent
A

Paratertiary pentyl phenol is Found in:

124
Q

The contact site will become white, soft, wrinkled, with a delayed, intense burning sensation followed by local anesthesia and possibly gangrene.

A

Phenol is Highly Irritating and Corrosive to Tissue

125
Q

This has resulted in fatal overexposure.

A

Phenol is Absorbed Readily Through the Skin

126
Q

Can causes severe damage and blindness.

A

Contact with the Eye by Phenol

127
Q

Corrosion and possible perforation of lips, mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach can result. Symptoms include nausea, possible vomiting, and severe abdominal cramps.

A

Phenol is Highly Tixic Via Ingestion

128
Q

Highly irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract.

A

Inhalation of Phenol Vapor

129
Q

CNS depression, weakness, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, weak pulse, dyspnea, cyanosis, shock, frothing from nose and mouth, lung edema, possible death.

A

Systemic Effects From all Routes of Exposure of Phenol

130
Q

Can result in GI disturbances, nervous disorders, skin rash, and discoloration. Liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas damage may occur.

A

Chronic Poisoning of Phenol

131
Q

From phenol contact is common in the industry.

A

Chronic Dermatitis

132
Q

When exposed to heat, flames, or oxidizers.

A

Phenol is Moderate Fire Risk

133
Q
  • Embalming cautarant
  • Embalming chemical disinfectant
  • Cavity embalming fluid/gel
  • Preservative/disinfectant gel
  • Accessory embalming chemical
A

Phenol is Found in:

134
Q

5ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: Phenol

135
Q

5ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Phenol

136
Q
  • A simple asphyxiant
  • At very high concentrations, it can cause CNS depression.
  • A dangerous fire and explosion risk when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
A

Health Effects of:

Propane

137
Q
  • Propellant
  • Embalming seal aerosol
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Insecticide/miticide spray
A

Propane is Found in:

138
Q

1000ppm

A

ACGIH TLV: Propane

139
Q

1000ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Propane

140
Q

A skin and eye irritant.

A

Propylene Glycol

141
Q

Cavity embalming fluid.

A

Propylene Glycol is Found in:

142
Q
  • Prolonged, repeated exposure can lead to the development of silicosis, characterized by fibrosis (scarring) of lungs. Silicosis is characterized by shortness of breath and a troublesome, unproductive cough.
  • React violently with certain flourine containing compounds.
A

Health Effects of:

Quartz

143
Q

Finishing powder

A

Quartz is Found in:

144
Q

10mg/m3

A

ACGIH TLV: Quartz

145
Q

10mg/m3

%SiO2+2

A

OSHA PEL: Quartz

146
Q

Examples include n-Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, n-Alkyl dimethyl ethybenzyl ammonium chloride, and benzethonium chloride.

A

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

147
Q
  • Skin and eye irritants
  • A common cause of dermatitis
  • Highly toxic via ingestion; symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, possible convulsion, collaspe.
A

Health Effects of:

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

148
Q
  • Disinfectants
  • Accessory embalming fluid
  • Cavity embalming fluid
A

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds are Found in:

149
Q
  • Strongly irritating and corrosive to tissues.
  • A strong oxidizing agent that will react violently with organic materials and reducers.
A

Health Effects of:

Sodium Hypochlorite

150
Q
  • Bleach
  • Chlorine Salts
A

Sodium Hypochlorite is Found in:

151
Q
  • Widely used as a fungicide and disinfectant
  • The material has a high toxicity via inhalation and ingestion.
  • Highly irritating to the skin
A

Health Effects of:

Sodium Pentachlorophenate

152
Q

Arterial Embalming Fluid

A

Sodium Pentachlorophenate is Found in:

153
Q
  • Mainly regarded as a nuisance dust
  • Prolonged or repeated exposure may lead to talc pneumoconiosis, although the mechanism of inducement is unclear.
154
Q

Drying Powder

A

Talc is Found in:

155
Q

2mg/m3 respirable dust

A

ACGIH TLV: Talc

156
Q
  • Skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant
  • Prolonged or repeated exposure contact can cause defatting of skin.
  • Overexposure can produce narcosis, CNS depression, headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, incoordination, and a burning sensation to the skin.
  • Acute poisoning, however, is rare.
  • it is a dangerous fire risk when exposed to heat, spark, or flame.
A

Health Effects of:

Toluene

157
Q
  • External embalming seal
  • Tissue surface embalming seal
  • Embalming cosmetic spray
  • Lip cosmetic
  • Sealing lacquer
  • Solvent/thinner
A

Toluene is Found in:

158
Q

100ppm TWA, 200ppm/20min. ceiling.

A

ACGIH TLV: Toluene

159
Q

200ppm TWA, 300ppm ceiling; 500ppm for 10 min. maximum peak

A

OSHA PEL: Toluene

160
Q
  • Moderate skin and eye irritant
  • Defatting action on the skin can cause a dry, fissured dermatitis.
  • Systemic effects include CNS depression, dizziness, drowsiness, incoordination, phychological disturbances.
  • The material can also cause GI disturbances and sensitize the heart to epinephrine induced arrhythmias.
  • High dose can cause narcosis, heart failure.
A

Health Effects of:

Trichloroethane

161
Q
  • Cleaning solvent
  • Aerosol lanolin skin cream
  • Sanitizing embalming spray
  • Cosmetics
A

Trichloroethane is Found in:

162
Q

350ppm

A

TLV: Trichloroethane

163
Q

350ppm TWA

A

OSHA PEL: Trichloroethane

164
Q
  • Strong eye and skin irritant
  • Repeated skin exposure can cause dermatitis
  • The material can be absorbed by skin contact
  • Overexposure can cause CNS depression, headache, dizziness, vertigo, tremors, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, irregular heartbeat.
  • Symptoms may resemble alcohol intoxication.
  • Addiction and peripheral neuropathy have been reported.
  • Chronic exposure can damage the liver and other organs.
A

Health Effects of:

Trichloroethylene

165
Q

Dry Wash

A

Trichloroethylene is Found in:

166
Q

50ppm TWA; 150ppm STEL

A

ACGIH TLV: Trichloroethylene

167
Q

100ppm TWA; 200ppm ceiling; 300ppm maximum peak for 10 minutes every 2 hours.

A

OSHA PEL: Trichloroethylene

Advanced Embalming (35 decks)

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