Chemical Bonding

Question 1

2 element exceptions to octet rule

Answer 1

Hydrogen and Helium

Question 2

Bond length and Bond strength in order

Answer 2

LENGTH: single>double>triple
STRENGHT: single<double<triple

Question 3

Electronegativity vs Electron affinity

Answer 3

Negativity: bonded
Affinity: nonbonded

Question 4

Most polar molecule

Answer 4

H-F

Question 5

Most electronegative atoms

Answer 5

Cl, O, N, F

Question 6

how to write:

1. monoatomic cations
2. polyatomic cations
3. anions

Answer 6

1. NO brackets
2. W brackets
3. W backets

Question 7

Central Atom Requirements (4)

Answer 7

1. Not H
2. Less electronegative
3. octet followers (C, O, N, F)
4. 0 formal charge

Question 8

what do you call structures will more than 1 possible LEWIS STRUCTURE

and what symbol to signify

Answer 8

Resonance Structures

double-ended arrows

Question 9

Formula for Formal Charge

Answer 9

of valence e- (MINUS) bonds (MINUS) electrons

Question 10

RULE for negative formal charges

Answer 10

must be on the MORE ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM

Question 11

EN values BOND POLARITY

Answer 11

< 0.5 non polar
0.5 - 1.9 polar
> 1.9 ionic

Question 12

Electron Pair Geometry VS Molecular

Answer 12

EPG = overall arrangement of all e- groups around central atom

MG = arrangement of bonding pairs around

Question 13

A X E notation meaning

Answer 13

A - central atom
X - # of bonds
E - # of e- pairs

Question 14

Sigma vs Pi bonds

Answer 14

S: head-on overlap between adjacent orbitals (hybridized)
P: SIDE-on overlap between adjacent orbitals (non hybridized)

Question 15

of Sigma and Pi bonds per bond type

Answer 15

Single = 1 Sigma
Double = 1 Sigma & 1 Pi
Triple = 1 Sigma & 2 Pi

Question 16

Bond Order Formula

Answer 16

(Unhybridized - hybridized) / 2

Question 17

Diamagnetic vs Paramagnetic

Answer 17

Dia - full
Para - half-full