Chem - Acids, Salts And PH Flashcards
What sort of ions do acids produce
Hydrogen (H+) ions
How can pH be measured?
Universal indicator or pH probe
What pH is neutral?
pH 7 - green
When Universal indicator is added to an acid what colour will it turn?
Red/orange/yellow
If an acid is weaker will it produce more or less hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution
Less - as the pH decreases by one unit the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution increases by a factor of 10
What is the difference between weak and dilute
A weak acid is an acid which has a smaller degree of ionisation whereas a dilute acid is a solution with less acid
What are the products when an acid reacts with a metal
Salts and hydrogen
What can acids be neutralised by
Alkalis and bases
What do neutralised acids produce
Salts and water, and by meals carbonates to produce salt water and carbon dioxide
What salts are produced by hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids
Chlorides, sulfates and nitrates
In neutralisation reactions between acid and alkali how is water formed?
From the reaction between hydrogen ions (from the acid) and hydroxide ions (from the alkali)
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) —> H2O(l)
How are soluble salts formed?
When acids react with an insoluble substances such as metals, metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
How do you prepare a pure dry sample of soluble salt
Either use a Bunsen burner to heat the solution or leave the solution in an evaporating dish in the sun until crystals form
