Chapters 6/7 Test Review

Question 1

Components of skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones
Ligaments
Cartilages

Question 2

Functions of skeletal system

Answer 2

Contributes to shape and form

Provides sites of attachment for muscles

Supports and protects internal organs

Stores minerals (homeostasis)

Forms blood cells

Question 3

Axial skeleton

Answer 3

Cranium, sternum, ribs, vertebral column

Question 4

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 4

Extremeties and pelvis

Clavicle and scapula
Upper and lower extremities
Pelvis (ilium, pubis, ischium)

Question 5

Types of bones

Answer 5

Sutural 
Irregular
Short bones
Flat bones
Long bones
Sesamoid bones

Question 6

Sutural bones

Answer 6

Within sutures on skull

Question 7

Irregular bones

Answer 7

Vertebra

Question 8

Short bones

Answer 8

Carpal bones

Question 9

Flat bones

Answer 9

Parietal bone

Question 10

Long bones

Answer 10

Humerus

Question 11

Sesamoid bone

Answer 11

Patella

Question 12

Structure of a typical long bone

Answer 12

Hyaline cartilage at each end

Epiphysis- head of each end of the bone

Diaphysis- main center part of long bone

Red bone marrow, yellow bone marrow

Question 13

Composition of flat bone

Answer 13

Periosteum
Compact bone
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Periosteum

Question 14

Compositon of bone tissue

Answer 14

Bone matrix

Bone cells

Question 15

Bone matrix

Answer 15

Organic-ground substance and collagen fibers- provide flexibility- osteoid

Inorganic- minerals- provide strength

Question 16

Bone cells

Answer 16

Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes

Question 17

Bone structure

Answer 17

Two bone layers- compact and spongy- contains trabeculae

Two membranes- periosteum and endosteum- contains osteons

Question 18

Factors necessary for proper bone formation and calcium regulation

Answer 18

Bone formation-adequate amounts of calcium, vitamin d and regular exercise

Calcium regulation- thyroid releases calcitonin to reduce calcium levels, parathyroid releases parathormone to increase calcium levels