Chapter 14 Test Review Flashcards
Comparison of functions of autonomic and somatic nervous systems
The ANS conducts impulses from the CNS to involuntary organs like the heart, smooth muscles and glands.
The SNS conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles
Function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
One division stimulates an organ, the other serves to inhibit the action— maintains homeostasis
Subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Dual innervation
Serve the same organs but have opposite effects
Parasympathetic vs sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic maintains the day to day body functions
Sympathetic activates the body in states of fear, rage, stress and strenuous activity
Origins of parasympathetic nervous system
Craniosacral
Origin of sympathetic nervous system
Thoracolumbar
Location of preganglionic and ganglion ice neurons in both divisions
Preganglionic- sympathetic- close to spinal cord
Ganglionic- parasympathetic- within or next to target organs
Comparison of preganglionic and postganglionic fibers on both divisions
Preganglionic- short in synpathetic, long in parasympathetic
Postganglionic- long in sympathetic, short in parasympathetic
Neurotransmitters released in parasympathetic division
ACh (acetylcholine)
Neurotransmitters released in the sympathetic division
Norepinephrine
Types of sympathetic ganglia and the organs they innervate
Prevertebral and paravertebral ganglia
Innervate abdominopelvic organs and arteries
Which nerve has almost 75% of parasympathetic outflow travel it?
Vagus nerve
Effects associated with the activation of sympathetic nervous system
“Fight or flight”
Accelerated heart rate, pupil dilation, constricted blood vessels, goosebumps, perspiration
Effects associated with the activation of parasympathetic nervous system
“Rest and digest”
Urination, digestion, defecation, salivation
