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IPS > Chapters 2 and 3 Test > Flashcards

Chapters 2 and 3 Test Flashcards

1
Q

_____ occurs when an object changes in position

A

motion

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2
Q

Position depends on _____

A

reference frame of reference points

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3
Q

What is a reference frame

A

group of objects that are not moving relative to eachother

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4
Q

What is a reference point

A

point where you base an an objects position

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5
Q

_____ is the distance and direction of an object’s final position from its initial position

A

displacement

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6
Q

_____ is the distance an object travels per unit of time

A

speed

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7
Q

What is the formula for speed

A

s = d / t

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8
Q

What i s the SI standard unit for speed

A

m / s

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9
Q

What is instantaneous speed

A

speed at a single instance of time

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10
Q

What is constant speed

A

speed that does not change

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11
Q

What is average speed

A

the total distance an object moves over the total period of time

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12
Q

What does a straight diagonal line mean on a distance-time graph?

A

that the object is traveling at a constant speed

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13
Q

What does a horizontal line mean on a distance-time graph?

A

that the object is at rest

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14
Q

_____ is the speed of an object and the object’s direction

A

velocity

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15
Q

The velocity of an object changes as the _____ or _____ of the object changes

A

speed or direction

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16
Q

Velocity is different from speed because…

A

it includes direction

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17
Q

What is the standard SI unit for velocity

A

m/s (direction)

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18
Q

What is the formula for velocity

A

v = d/t (direction)

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19
Q

Motion is relative - what does this mean?

A

what are you comparing your motion to

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20
Q

_____ is a property of a moving object that depends on the object’s mass and velocity

A

Momentum

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21
Q

What is the formula for momentum?

A

p=m x v

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22
Q

What is the standard SI unit for momentum?

A

Kg x m/s direction

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23
Q

_____ is the change of velocity of an object over time

A

Acceleration

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24
Q

What is the formula for acceleration?

A

v.f - v.i
a = ———-
t

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25
Q

What is the standard SI unit for acceleration?

A

m/s^2 direction

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26
Q

What does centripetal imply?

A

something moving in a curved or circular way

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27
Q

What is centripetal acceleration?

A

Centripetal acceleration is acceleration toward the center of a curved or circular path

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28
Q

What is a projectile?

A

A projectile is any object moving through the air

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29
Q

_=d/t direction

A

velocity (v)

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30
Q

_=mxv direction

A

momentum (p)

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31
Q

_=d/t

A

speed formula (s)

32
Q

. v.f - v.i
_ = ———- direction
t

A

acceleration (a)

33
Q

What is the triangle that helps us remember formulas

A

. / d \
______
/ s | t \

34
Q

What is the force formula

A

F = m x a
force = mass x acceleration

35
Q

What is the standard SI unit for force

A

Newton (N)

36
Q

What must be the units in a force formula

A

Kg x m/s^2

37
Q

What must be the units in a force formula

A

Kg x m/s^2

38
Q

What makes a N (Newton)

A

Kg x m/s^2

39
Q

What is the weight formula

A

W = m x g

40
Q

What is the standard SI unit for weight

A

Newton (N)

41
Q

What unit does the mass have to be in a weight formula

A

Kg

42
Q

What is the difference between weight and mass

A

weight is the measure of the gravitational force acting on an object’s mass whereas mass is the amount of matter in an object

43
Q

Δv = g x t

A

What is the formula to find chance in velocity of a falling object due to gravity

44
Q

Acceleration of an object due to gravity is called

A

g

45
Q

What is the g of earth

A

g = 9.8 m/s^2
- only true in a vacuum here on earth

46
Q

d = 1/2 g x t^2

A

formula to determine the distance a falling object will travel due to gravity free from air resistance

47
Q

_____ is the highest velocity a falling object will reach

A

terminal velocity

48
Q

What are the three factors that affect whether or not an object will reach terminal velocity

A

the height at which object is dropped
mass of object
surface area of object

49
Q

Terminal velocity can only occur if…

A

the object is falling due to gravity

50
Q

When a falling object reaches terminal velocity, what happens to the net force?

A

it reaches zero

51
Q

Describe what is happening with the gravitational force, air resistance, and the velocity of an object that has reached terminal velocity

A

the gravitational force and the air resistance are equal and the velocity will become constant

52
Q

Will all falling objects reach terminal velocity?

A

no

53
Q

What are the four factors that affect the amount of friction between the surfaces of objects

A

type of material object is made of
roughness of the surfaces in contact
amount of force applied pushing 2 surfaces together
amount of surface area in contact

54
Q

What are the four fundamental forces, what do they do, and what are the strongest and weakest

A
  1. strong nuclear force - holds nucleus together
  2. electromagnetic force - force between charge particles
  3. weak nuclear force - force that decays neutron to a proton
  4. gravity - force between two objects
55
Q

What is the difference between static sliding and rolling friction

A

static friction is pushing on an object but the object does not move whereas sliding friction is pushing on an object but the object moves because the sliding friction and applied forces are unbalanced
sliding friction is when a wheel rolls over a surface

56
Q

What are the two factors that affect the amount of air resistance acting on an object

A

the amount of surface area (size and shape)
velocity of the object

57
Q

What is and give an example the law of conservation of momentum

A

When a moving object collides with another object the momentum of the original object will give some or all of its momentum to the second object
- playing pool

58
Q

If a force is put on an object, will the object move?

A

the object will move if the net force is grater than 0N

59
Q

Balanced forces vs unbalanced forces

A

balanced: equal in size opposite in direction
unbalanced: not equal in all directions

60
Q

Describe the net force of Balanced forces vs unbalanced forces

A

balanced: net force of 0N
unbalanced: net force greater than 0

61
Q

Describe the motion of Balanced forces vs unbalanced forces

A

balanced: no change in motion
unbalanced: will cause a change in motion

62
Q

______ is the sum of all forces acting on an object

A

net force

63
Q

What are the two factors that determine how much gravitational force will be exerted between objects

A

mass
distance

64
Q

When you throw an object, what two factors determine the acceleration of that object

A

mass
force acting on object

65
Q

Why does a wall have more inertia than a pencil

A

the wall has more mass

66
Q

Newtons 1st Law can be remembered by

A

inertia

67
Q

Newtons 2nd Law can be remembered by

A

F = m x a

68
Q

Newtons 3rd Law can be remembered by

A

Law of Conservation of Motion

69
Q

force that acts in the opposite direction to the motion of a surface sliding on another surface

A

sliding friction

70
Q

distance and direction of an object from its starting point

A

displacment

71
Q

force that opposes the sliding motion of two surfaces in contact

A

friction

72
Q

vector speed and direction of motion

A

velocity

73
Q

speed of an object at a specific point in time

A

instantaneous speed

74
Q

Acceleration occurs when an object’s _____ changes

A

velocity

75
Q

force that acts in the opposite direction to the motion of a surface sliding on another surface

A

sliding friction

76
Q

the combined force on an object

A

net force

IPS (21 decks)

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