Chapter 5 Lesson 1 Flashcards
What is temperature?
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles/atoms
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles in an object.
What is heat?
Heat is the energy transferred between objects/areas due to temperature differences between those objects/areas.
What is specific heat?
Specific heat is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 Kg of a substance by
1°C
Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its ______
motion
List the kinetic theory of matter
1) All matter is composed of small particles called atoms
2) The atoms in matter are in constant, random motion
3) The atoms in matter are colliding into one another transferring energy
The Kinetic Theory of Matter is an explanation of how atoms in matter…
move/act/behave
How do you convert Celsius to Kelvin?
add 273
What should you not do when describing temperature?
say hot and cold
A substance’s _____ changes when the substance absorbs thermal energy
temperature
The amount of temperature change in a substance depends on ___, ___, and ___
the amount of thermal energy absorbed
the mass of the substance
the type of substance
Absolute zero is a ___ temperature at which…
theoretical
all particle/atomic motion in matter would stop
Absolute zero is the…
lowest temperature on the Kelvin scale
What is the temperature of absolute zero
0 K or -273°C
Thermal energy of an object depends on…
temperature of the object
mass of the object
type of material that composes object
Thermal energy can be transferred from one object/area to another by…
conduction
convection
radiation
What is the formula for the Change in Thermal Energy
△Q= m (Tf - Ti) x C
Change in thermal energy = mass (change in temp) x specific heat
What is the unit for change in thermal energy
J
What is the unit for specific heat
J/Kg x °C
Heat is often described as the movement of ___
thermal energy
___ moves spontaneously from high temperatures to low temperatures
heat
What is specific heat also referred to as?
specific heat capacity
heat capacity
How do you determine the specific heat of a material?
a calorimeter
Why does the specific heat of different substances vary?
if the bonds between atoms are stronger, it will require more energy to heat up the substance
a coolant is a substance that…
can absorb a lot of thermal energy with little change in temperature
What is an example of a good coolant?
water
A calorie is a unit used to express ___ or ___
energy or heat
How many J is 1 calorie?
4184J
