Chapter 5 Lesson 2 quiz Flashcards
List the 3 ways thermal energy can be transferred from one obiect/area to another
conduction
convection
radiation
_____ is the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between the particles that make up matter
Conduction
Conduction can take place in…
solids, liquids, and gasses
Particles in matter must _____
to transfer thermal energy by conduction.
Collide
Solids usually conduct better than liquids or gases because the particles in a solid are usually more _____ packed together.
densely
_____ must be present for conduction to take place.
matter
Conduction transfers _____ without transferring the _____
thermal energy
matter
Conduction always transfers energy from _____ temperature to a _____ temperature.
high
low
The rate at which conduction transfers thermal energy depends on the type of _____
material
why is conduction faster in solids and liquids compared to gases.
the atoms are closer together
Why are metals the best conductors of thermal energy?
there are some electrons that are not bound to individual atoms so they can move easily throughout the metal causing a rapid transfer of thermal energy
Which metals are among the best conductors of thermal energy?
silver (ag)
copper (cu)
aluminum (al)
A _____ is any substance in which its particles can move past one another and therefore, change their shape.
ex) …
fluid
gas and liquid
_____ is the transfer of thermal energy by a fluid due to the differences in the fluid’s densities
convection
When convection occurs, more _____ particles move from one place to another carrying _____ with the particle.
energetic
energy
Most substances _____ as their temperatures increase.
expand
When a fluid expands, its _____ increases.
volume
Heated fluids become _____ dense causing the atoms to rise carrying _____ up with the matter and lower temperature _____
dense fluids will fall at the same time creating the convection currents
less
energy
more
The _____ drive convection currents.
differences in density within a fluid
In a convection current, both _____ and _____ transfer thermal energy.
conduction
convection
_____ must be present for convection to take place
matter
By what method is the energy from the Sun transferred to the Earth.
radiation
_____ is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves such as light and microwaves
radiation
Radiation can transfer energy without the presence of _____
matter
Thermal energy transferred by radiation is often called _____
radiant energy
Examples of electromagnetic waves include:
1) Radio waves
2) Microwaves
3) Infrared
4) Light
5) Ultraviolet waves (UV)
6) X-rays
7) Gamma rays
When radiation strikes matter the radiation will be _____, _____, or _____
absorbed, reflected, or transmitted
The amount of energy that an object absorbed, reflects, or transmits depends on the type of _____ the object is made of.
material
darker colored materials tend to _____ more radiant energy and lighter colored materials tend to _____ radiant energy
absorb
reflect
shiny materials tend to _____ more radiant energy and dull materials tend to _____ more radiant energy
reflect
absorb
Why does radiation usually pass through gases more easily than through solids or liquids
there is more space in between the particles for the energy to pass through
