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Health Tech > Chapter Seven- Urinary > Flashcards

Chapter Seven- Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Calyx or Calix

A

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

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2
Q

Catheter

A

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

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3
Q

Cortex

A

Outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney

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4
Q

Creatinine

A

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

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5
Q

Electrolyte

A

Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; necessary with function of muscles and nerves; kidneys

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6
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

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7
Q

Filtration

A

Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

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8
Q

Glomerular capsule

A

Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus. (Bowman capsule; collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus)

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9
Q

Glomerulus

A

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

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10
Q

Hilum

A

Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

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11
Q

Kidney

A

One of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

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12
Q

Meatus

A

Opening or canal

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13
Q

Medulla

A

Inner region of an organ

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14
Q

Nephron

A

Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney; functional unit of kidney; 1 million per kidney

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15
Q

Nitrogenous waste

A

Substance containing nitrogen an excreted in urine

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16
Q

Potassium

A

Electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood; muscle contraction and nerve impulses

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17
Q

Reabsorption

A

Process where renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back in the bloodstream

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18
Q

Renal artery

A

Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

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19
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Central collection region in the kidney

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20
Q

Renal tubule

A

Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

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21
Q

Renal vein

A

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

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22
Q

Renin

A

Hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

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23
Q

Sodium

A

An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions

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24
Q

Trigone

A

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

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25
Q

Urea

A

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

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26
Q

Ureter

A

One of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

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27
Q

Urethra

A

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

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28
Q

Uric acid

A

Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

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29
Q

Urinary bladder

A

Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

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30
Q

Urination (voiding)

A

Process of expelling urine; micturition

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31
Q

Arteriole

A

Small artery

32
Q

Cali/o, calic/o

A

Calyx (calix)

33
Q

Cyst/o

A

Urinary bladder

34
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Glomerulus

35
Q

Meat/o

36
Q

Nephr/o

37
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

38
Q

Ren/o

39
Q

Trigon/o

A

Trigone (bladder region)

40
Q

Ureter/o

41
Q

Urethr/o

42
Q

Vesic/o

A

Urinary bladder

43
Q

Albumin/o

A

Albumin (a protein in the blood)

44
Q

Azot/o

45
Q

Bacteri/o

46
Q

Dips/o

47
Q

Kal/o

48
Q

Ket/o, keton/o

A

Ketone bodies

49
Q

Lith/o

50
Q

Natr/o

51
Q

Noct/o

52
Q

Olig/o

53
Q

-poietin

A

Substance that forms

54
Q

Py/o

55
Q

-tripsy

56
Q

Ur/o

A

Urine (urea)

57
Q

Urin/o

58
Q

-uria

A

Urination; urine condition

59
Q

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

Measurement of urea levels in blood

60
Q

Creatinine clearance

A

Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys

61
Q

CT scan

A

X-ray images show multiple cross-sectional and other views of organs and tissues

62
Q

Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB)

A

X-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

63
Q

Renal angiography

A

X-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels and of the kidneys

64
Q

Retrograde pyelogram (RP)

A

X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

65
Q

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

A

X-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while patient is voiding

66
Q

Ultrasonography

A

Imaging of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves

67
Q

Radioisotope scan

A

Image of the kidney after Injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

68
Q

MRI

A

Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body

69
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)

70
Q

Dialysis

A

Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Hemodialysis: (HD)- artificial kidney machine

Peritoneal dialysis: (PD)- catheter

71
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Urinary tract stones are crushed

72
Q

Renal angioplasty

A

Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

73
Q

Renal biopsy

A

Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

74
Q

Renal transplantation

A

Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

75
Q

Urinary catheterization

A

Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

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