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Health Tech > Chapter Eleven- Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter Eleven- Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block)

A

Failure of proper conduction of impulse from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)

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2
Q

Flutter

A

Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

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3
Q

Fibrillation

A

Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart (350 beats or more per minute)

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4
Q

Arrhythmias

A

Abnormal heart rhythms (dysrhythmias)

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5
Q

Congenital heart disease

A

Abnormalities in the heart at birth

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6
Q

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA)

A

Narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta

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7
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

A

Passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth

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8
Q

Septal defects

A

Small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles

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9
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects

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10
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Heart is unable to pump it’s required amount of blood

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11
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

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12
Q

Endocarditis

A

Unflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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13
Q

Hypertensive heart disease

A

High blood pressure affecting the heart

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14
Q

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

Improper closure of the mitral valve

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15
Q

Murmur

A

Extra heart sound, heard between normal beats

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16
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart

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17
Q

Rheumatic heart disease

A

Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

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18
Q

Aneurysm

A

Local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall

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19
Q

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

Blood clot (thrombus) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb

20
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

High blood pressure

21
Q

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

Blockage of the arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs

22
Q

Raynaud disease

A

Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes

23
Q

Varicose veins

A

Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs

24
Q

Acute coronary syndromes (ACSs)

A

Unstable angina and myocardial infarction, which are consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries

25
Q

Angina (pectoris)

A

Chest pain

26
Q

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

A

Antihypertensive drug that blocks the conversion of angiotensin causing blood vessels to dial ate

27
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using s stethoscope

28
Q

Beta-blocker

A

Drug used to treat angina

29
Q

Biventricular pacemaker

A

Device enabling ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart

30
Q

Bruit

A

Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ

31
Q

Calcium channel blocker

A

Drug used to treat angina and hypertension; dilates blood vessels by blocking the influx of calcium into muscle cells lining vessels

32
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action

33
Q

Cardiac tamponade

A

Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space

34
Q

Claudication

A

Pain, tension and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest

35
Q

Digoxin

A

Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heartbeat

36
Q

Embolus

A

Clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel

37
Q

Infarction

A

Area of dead tissue

38
Q

Nitrates

A

Drugs used to treat angina

39
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Relieves angina

40
Q

Occlusion

A

Closure of a blood vessel due to blockage

41
Q

Palpitations

A

Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias (PVCs)

42
Q

Patent

A

Open

43
Q

Pericardial friction rub

A

Scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart

44
Q

Petechiae

A

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages

45
Q

Statins

A

Drugs used to lower cholesterol in the bloodstream

46
Q

Thrill

A

Vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow

47
Q

Vegetations

A

Clump of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganisms, and red blood cells in diseased heart valves

Health Tech (23 decks)

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