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Medical terminology > Chapter 9 vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 9 vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

aneurysm

A

abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall

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1
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical connection between blood vessels, or joining of one hollow organ to another

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2
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain resulting from diseased blood vessels restricting blood flow to the ❤

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3
Q

angiocardiography

A

video xray used to follow passage of blood through heart and great vessels

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4
Q

angiogram

A

xray record of size, shape, and location of heart and it’s blood vessels

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5
Q

angioma

A

tumor of a blood vessel

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6
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical repair of a blood vessel

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7
Q

angiostenosis

A

pathological condition of narrowing of a blood vessel

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8
Q

arrythmia

A

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

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9
Q

arterial

A

pertaining to artery

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10
Q

ateriosclerosis

A

pathological condition of hardening of arteries

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11
Q

arteritis

A

inflammation of an artery

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12
Q

atheroma

A

tumour of an artery containing a fatty substance

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13
Q

atherosclerosis

A

pathological condition of the arteries characterized by buildup of fatty substances and hardening of the walls

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14
Q

atrioventricular

A

pertaining to the atrium and the ventricle

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15
Q

auscultation

A

method of physical assessment using a stethoscope to listen to sounds within chest, abdomen, and other parts of body

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16
Q

bicuspid

A

valve with two cusps, pertaining to mitral valve

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17
Q

bradycardia

A

abnormally slow heartbeat (<60bpm)

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18
Q

bruit

A

pathological noise; a sound of venous or arterial origin heard on ausculation

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19
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

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20
Q

cardiometer

A

instrument used to measure force of heart’s action

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21
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of heart muscle that leads to deterioration of the muscle

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22
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

pertaining to the heart and lungs

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23
Q

cardiotonic

A

class of medication used to increase tone of the heart

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24
Q

cardiovascular

A

pertaining to the heart and small blood vessels

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25
Q

cardioversion

A

medical procedure used to treat cardiac arrhythmias

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26
Q

cholesterol

A

a normal soft, waxy substance found among the lipids in the bloodstream and all body cells

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27
Q

claudication

A

process of lameness or limping; dull cramping pain in the hips, thighs, calves, or buttocks

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28
Q

constriction

A

process of drawing together

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29
Q

cyanosis

A

abnormal condition of skin and mucous membranes caused by oxygen deficiency in the blood

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30
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of heart cycle; heart muscle relaxes and heart chambers fill with blood

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31
Q

dysrhythmia

A

abnormality of the rhythm or rate of heartbeat

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32
Q

echocardiography

A

ultrasound used to evaluate heart for valvular or structural defects and coronary artery disease

33
Q

electrocardiograph

A

medical diagnostic device for recoring electrical impulses of heart muscle

34
Q

electrocardiophonograph

A

medical diagnostic device used to record heart sounds

35
Q

embolism

A

pathological condition cause by obstruction of blood vessel

36
Q

endarterectomy

A

surgical excision of the inner portion of an artery

37
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the endocardium (inner lining of the heart)

38
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of heart

39
Q

extracorporeal circulation

A

pertaining to circulation of blood outside the body (heart-lung machine, hemodialysis)

40
Q

fibrillation

A

spontaneous contraction of individual muscle fibres

41
Q

flutter

A

pathological rapid heart rate that may cause cardiac output to be decreased

42
Q

heart failure

A

pathological condition in which heart loses ability to pump blood efficiently

43
Q

hemangioma

A

benign tumour of a blood vessel

44
Q

hemodynamic

A

the dynamic study of heart’s function and movement of blood and pressure

45
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

abnormal high levels of lipids in the blood

46
Q

infarction

A

process of development of an infarct, which is death of tissue resulting from obstruction of blood flow

47
Q

ischemia

A

condition of lack of oxygen due to decreased blood supply to part of the body caused by constriction or obstruction of blood vessel

48
Q

lipoprotein

A

fat and protein molecules that are bound together

49
Q

mitral stenosis

A

pathological condition of the narrowing of the mitral/bicuspid valve

50
Q

occlusion

A

blockage in a vessel, canal, or passage of the body

51
Q

oximetry

A

process of measuring oxygen saturation of the blood

52
Q

palpitation

A

abnormal rapid throbbing or fluttering of the heart

53
Q

pericardiocentesis

A

surgical procedure to remove fluid from pericardial sac

54
Q

peripheral artery disease

A

pathological condition in which fatty deposits build up in the inner linings of the artery walls

55
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

56
Q

phlebotomy

A

puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for analysis

57
Q

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

A

disorder that affects blood vessels in fingers and toes

58
Q

semilunar

A

valves of aorta and pulmonary artery

59
Q

septum

A

wall or partition that divides a body space or cavity

60
Q

shock

A

life-threatening condition that occurs when body is not getting enough blood flow

61
Q

sinoatrial

A

pertaining to the sinus venosus and the atrium

62
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

medical instrument used to measure arterial blood pressure

63
Q

spider veins

A

hemangioma in which numerous telangiectatic vessels radiate from a central point

64
Q

systole

A

contractive phase of heart cycle

65
Q

tachycardia

A

rapid heartbeat that is >100bpm

66
Q

telangiectasis

A

vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels

67
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein associated with formation of a thrombus (blood clot)

68
Q

thrombosis

A

blood clot within the vascular system

69
Q

tricuspid

A

valve with three cusps

70
Q

triglyceride

A

pertaining to organic compound consisting of three molecules of fatty acids

71
Q

valvuloplasty

A

surgical repair of cardiac valve

72
Q

vasoconstrictive

A

active narrowing of a blood vessel

73
Q

vasospasm

A

spasm of a blood vessel

74
Q

venipuncture

A

puncture of a vein for removal of blood for analysis

75
Q

angiography

A

x-ray recording of a blood vessel after injection of radiopaque substance

76
Q

electrocardiogram

A

records heart’s electrical activity

77
Q

Holter monitor

A

portable medical device attached to patient, records a continuous electrocardiogram for 24 hours

78
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

medical imaging technique using a magnet that causes nuclei of atoms in the heart cells to vibrate

79
Q

ultrasonography

A

test use to visualize an organ or tissue using high-frequency sound waves

Medical terminology (61 decks)

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