Chapter 8 vocabulary Flashcards
amylase
enzyme that breaks down starch
anabolism
building up of the body substance in constructive phase of metabolism
ascites
significant accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
biliary
pertaining to bile and the gallbladder
bilirubin
orange-coloured bile pigment
buccal
pertaining to the cheek
catabolism
a casting down
celiac
pertaining to the abdomen
cheilosis
abnormal condition of the lip
cholecystectomy
surgical excision of the gallbladder
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
choledochotomy
surgical incision of the common bile duct
chyle
milky fluid of intestinal digestion
colectomy
surgical excision of part of the colon
colostomy
creation of a new opening into the colon
deglutition
process of swallowing
dentalgia
pain in tooth
dentition
type, number, and arrangement of teeth in dental arch
diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula (pouches in walls of organ)
duodenal
pertaining to the duodenum (first part of small intestine)
dysentery
intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of mucous membrane
dyspepsia
difficulty in digestion (indigestion)
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
emesis
vomiting
enteric
pertaining to the small intestine
enteritis
inflammation of the small intestine
eructation
belching
esophageal
pertaining to the esophagus
fibroma
fibrous, encapsulated connective tissue tumour
gastrectomy
surgical excision of the stomach in part or in whole
gastric
pertaining to the stomach
gastroenterology
study of the stomach and intestines
gastroesophageal
pertaining to stomach and esophagus
gavage
to feed liquid or semiliquid food by tube
glossotomy
surgical incision into the tongue
glycogenesis
formation of glycogen from glucose
halitosis
bad breath
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
hematochezia
passage of stools that contain blood
hemorrhoid
mass of dilated tortuous veins in the anorectum
hepatoma
tumour of the liver
herniorraphy
surgical repair of a hernia
hyperalimentation
intravenous infusion of hypertonic solution to sustain life (used with patients whose GI tracts are not functioning normally)
hyperemesis
excessive vomiting
ileitis
inflammation of the ileum
ileostomy
surgical creation of a new opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum
labial
pertaining to the lip
laparotomy
surgical incision into the abdomen
lavage
to wash out a cavity
lingual
pertaining to tongue
lipolysis
break down of fat
mastication
chewing
melena
black, tarry feces - contains digested blood
mesentery
pertaining to the peritoneal fold encircling small intestines
paralytic ileus
paralysis of intestines causing distention and symptoms of bowel obstruction
peptic
pertaining to gastric digestion
peptic ulcer disease
disease in which ulcer forms in wall of stomach, pylorus, duodenum, or esophagus
periodontal
pertaining to area around tooth
peristalsis
wavelike contraction that occurs in hollow tubes of body, particularly the GI tract
pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
postprandial
pertaining to after a meal
proctoscope
instrument used to view interior of rectal cavity
pyloric
pertaining to the gatekeeper; opening between stomach and duodenum
rectocele
hernia of part of the rectum into the vagina
sialadenitis
inflammation of the salivary gland
splenomegaly
enlargement of spleen
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
sublingual
pertaining to below the tongue
ulcerative colitis
disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine
vermiform
shaped like a worm
volvulus
twisting of bowel on itself that causes an obstruction
Three parts of small intestine, in order
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
What is the structure found at the entrance to the stomach?
Esophageal sphincter
What is the structure found at the exit from the stomach?
pyloric sphincter
What are the three salivary glands?
Parotid, submandibular, sublingual
cholecystography
xray exam of gallbladder after infestion of radiopaque dye
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
examination of esophagus, stomach, duodenum
