Chapter 10 vocabulary Flashcards by Jordan Lipsett

albumin

one of a group of simple proteins found in plasma and serum

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agglutination

process of clumping together; incompatible blood cells do this

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anemia

lack of red blood cells

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anisocytosis

condition in which erythrocytes are unequal in size/shape

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antibody

protein substance produced in body in response to invading foreign substance

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antigen

invading foreign substance that induces formation of antibodies

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autoimmune disease

condition in which immune system is defective and produces antibodies against itself

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autotransfusion

process of reinfusing a patient’s own blood

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basophil

white blood cell essential to nonspecific immune response

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coagulable

capable of forming a clot

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corpuscle

blood cell

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creatinemia

excess of creatine in the blood

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embolus

blood clot carried in bloodstream

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eosinophil

white blood cell that destroys parasitic organisms and plays major role in allergic reactions

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erythroblast

immature red blood cell

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erythrocyte

mature red blood cell

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erythrocytosis

abnormal condition, increased production of red blood cells

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erythropoiesis

formation of red blood cells

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erythropoietin

hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells

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extravasation

process by which fluids/medications (IV) escape from blood vessel into surrounding tissue

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fibrin

protein formed from fibrinogen

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fibrinogen

blood protein converted to fibrin

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globulin

plasma protein found in body fluids and cells

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granulocyte

granular leukocyte (WBC)

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hematocrit

blood test that separates solids from plasma

hematoma

collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel

hemochromatosis

disease in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues

hemoglobin

blood protein, iron-containing pigment of red blood cells

hemolysis

destruction of red blood cells

hemophilia

disease characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed

hemorrhage

literally means bursting forth of blood

hemostasis

control or stopping of bleeding

heparin

natural anticoagulant found in liver, lungs, other body tissues

hypercalcemia

excessive calcium in the blood

hyperglycemia

excessive sugar in the blood

hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

hypoxia

deficient amount of oxygen in blood, cells, tissues

immunoglobulin

blood protein capable of acting as an antibody

Kaposi's sarcoma

malignant neoplasm causing vascular lesions

leukapheresis

separation of WBCs from the blood

leukocytopenia

lack of WBCs

lymphadenitis

inflammation of the lymph glands

lymphadenotomy

incision into a lymph gland

lymphangiology

study of lymphatic vessels

lymphangitis

inflammation of lymphatic vessels

lymphedema

abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces

lymphoma

lymphoid neoplasm, usually malignant

lymphostasis

control/stopping of flow of lymph

macrocyte

unusually large erythrocyte

monocyte

largest leukocyte, has one nucleus

mononucleosis

condition of excessive amounts of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood

neutrophil

leukocyte that stains with neutral dyes

opportunistic infection

protozoal, fungal/yeast, viral, or bacterial infection occurring when immune system is compromised

pancytopenia

lack of cellular elements of the blood

phagocytosis

engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, etc by phagocytes

plasmapheresis

removal of blood from body, separating plasma and reinfusing cellular elements back into the patient

Pneumocystis carinii

Protozoan that causes pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

opportunistic prevalent in AIDS patients

polycythemia

increased number of RBCs

prothrombin

chemical substance that interacts with calcium salts to produce thrombin

radioimmunoassay

method of determining concentration of protein-bound hormones in blood plasma

reticulocyte

red blood cell containing a network of granules

retrovirus

virus that replicates within new host cells (eg: HIV)

septicemia

pathological condition where bacteria is present in the blood

seroculture

bacterial culture of blood

serum

clear, thin, and sticky fluid part of the blood

sideropenia

lack of iron in the blood

splenomegaly

enlargement of the spleen

thrombectomy

surgical excision of blood clot

thrombin

blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin

thrombocyte

clotting cell (platelet)

thromboplastin

essential factor in production of thrombin and blood clotting

thrombosis

formation, development, or existence of a blood clot in the vascular system

thymoma

tumour of the thymus

vasculitis

inflammation of blood or lymph vessel

Hay fever also known as:

allergic rhinitis

thalassemia

hereditary anemias occurring in Mediterranean Sea and SE Asia

Function of lymphocytes: T-cells

provide cellular immunity

Function of lymphocytes: B-cells

Provide humoral immunity

Function of lymphocytes: NK cells

attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, cancer cells