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Medical terminology > Chapter 10 vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 10 vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

albumin

A

one of a group of simple proteins found in plasma and serum

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1
Q

agglutination

A

process of clumping together; incompatible blood cells do this

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2
Q

anemia

A

lack of red blood cells

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3
Q

anisocytosis

A

condition in which erythrocytes are unequal in size/shape

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4
Q

antibody

A

protein substance produced in body in response to invading foreign substance

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5
Q

antigen

A

invading foreign substance that induces formation of antibodies

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6
Q

autoimmune disease

A

condition in which immune system is defective and produces antibodies against itself

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7
Q

autotransfusion

A

process of reinfusing a patient’s own blood

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8
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell essential to nonspecific immune response

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9
Q

coagulable

A

capable of forming a clot

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10
Q

corpuscle

A

blood cell

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11
Q

creatinemia

A

excess of creatine in the blood

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12
Q

embolus

A

blood clot carried in bloodstream

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13
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell that destroys parasitic organisms and plays major role in allergic reactions

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14
Q

erythroblast

A

immature red blood cell

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15
Q

erythrocyte

A

mature red blood cell

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16
Q

erythrocytosis

A

abnormal condition, increased production of red blood cells

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17
Q

erythropoiesis

A

formation of red blood cells

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18
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells

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19
Q

extravasation

A

process by which fluids/medications (IV) escape from blood vessel into surrounding tissue

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20
Q

fibrin

A

protein formed from fibrinogen

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21
Q

fibrinogen

A

blood protein converted to fibrin

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22
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein found in body fluids and cells

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23
Q

granulocyte

A

granular leukocyte (WBC)

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24
Q

hematocrit

A

blood test that separates solids from plasma

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25
Q

hematoma

A

collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel

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26
Q

hemochromatosis

A

disease in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues

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27
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein, iron-containing pigment of red blood cells

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28
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction of red blood cells

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29
Q

hemophilia

A

disease characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed

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30
Q

hemorrhage

A

literally means bursting forth of blood

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31
Q

hemostasis

A

control or stopping of bleeding

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32
Q

heparin

A

natural anticoagulant found in liver, lungs, other body tissues

33
Q

hypercalcemia

A

excessive calcium in the blood

34
Q

hyperglycemia

A

excessive sugar in the blood

35
Q

hypoglycemia

A

low blood sugar

36
Q

hypoxia

A

deficient amount of oxygen in blood, cells, tissues

37
Q

immunoglobulin

A

blood protein capable of acting as an antibody

38
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

malignant neoplasm causing vascular lesions

39
Q

leukapheresis

A

separation of WBCs from the blood

40
Q

leukocytopenia

A

lack of WBCs

41
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of the lymph glands

42
Q

lymphadenotomy

A

incision into a lymph gland

43
Q

lymphangiology

A

study of lymphatic vessels

44
Q

lymphangitis

A

inflammation of lymphatic vessels

45
Q

lymphedema

A

abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces

46
Q

lymphoma

A

lymphoid neoplasm, usually malignant

47
Q

lymphostasis

A

control/stopping of flow of lymph

48
Q

macrocyte

A

unusually large erythrocyte

49
Q

monocyte

A

largest leukocyte, has one nucleus

50
Q

mononucleosis

A

condition of excessive amounts of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood

51
Q

neutrophil

A

leukocyte that stains with neutral dyes

52
Q

opportunistic infection

A

protozoal, fungal/yeast, viral, or bacterial infection occurring when immune system is compromised

53
Q

pancytopenia

A

lack of cellular elements of the blood

54
Q

phagocytosis

A

engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, etc by phagocytes

55
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of blood from body, separating plasma and reinfusing cellular elements back into the patient

56
Q

Pneumocystis carinii

A

Protozoan that causes pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

57
Q

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

A

opportunistic prevalent in AIDS patients

58
Q

polycythemia

A

increased number of RBCs

59
Q

prothrombin

A

chemical substance that interacts with calcium salts to produce thrombin

60
Q

radioimmunoassay

A

method of determining concentration of protein-bound hormones in blood plasma

61
Q

reticulocyte

A

red blood cell containing a network of granules

62
Q

retrovirus

A

virus that replicates within new host cells (eg: HIV)

63
Q

septicemia

A

pathological condition where bacteria is present in the blood

64
Q

seroculture

A

bacterial culture of blood

65
Q

serum

A

clear, thin, and sticky fluid part of the blood

66
Q

sideropenia

A

lack of iron in the blood

67
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

68
Q

thrombectomy

A

surgical excision of blood clot

69
Q

thrombin

A

blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin

70
Q

thrombocyte

A

clotting cell (platelet)

71
Q

thromboplastin

A

essential factor in production of thrombin and blood clotting

72
Q

thrombosis

A

formation, development, or existence of a blood clot in the vascular system

73
Q

thymoma

A

tumour of the thymus

74
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of blood or lymph vessel

75
Q

Hay fever also known as:

A

allergic rhinitis

76
Q

thalassemia

A

hereditary anemias occurring in Mediterranean Sea and SE Asia

77
Q

Function of lymphocytes: T-cells

A

provide cellular immunity

78
Q

Function of lymphocytes: B-cells

A

Provide humoral immunity

79
Q

Function of lymphocytes: NK cells

A

attack foreign cells, normal cells infected with viruses, cancer cells

Medical terminology (61 decks)

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