Chapter 7 - vocabulary (full terms)

Question 1

abductor

Answer 1

muscle that draws away from middle

Question 2

adductor

Answer 2

muscle that draws toward the middle

Question 3

antagonist

Answer 3

muscle that counteracts action of another muscle

Question 4

ataxia

Answer 4

lack of muscular coordination

Question 5

atonic

Answer 5

pertaining to lack of normal muscle tone

Question 6

atrophy

Answer 6

literally: lack of nourishment wasting of muscular tissue due to lack of use or lack of nerve stimulation

Question 7

biceps

Answer 7

muscle with two heads or points of origin

Question 8

brachialgia

Answer 8

pain in the arm

Question 9

bradykinesia

Answer 9

slowness of motion

Question 10

clonic

Answer 10

pertaining to alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles

Question 11

contraction

Answer 11

process of drawing up and thickening of a muscle fiber

Question 12

contracture

Answer 12

condition in which muscles shortens an renders it resistant to normal stretching process

Question 13

dactylospasm

Answer 13

cramp of finger or toe

Question 14

dermatomyositis

Answer 14

chronic, immunological disease: inflammation of muscles and skin

Question 15

diaphragm

Answer 15

partition of muscles and membranes separating the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

Question 16

diathermy

Answer 16

treatment using high-frequency current to produce heat within a part of the body

Question 17

dystonia

Answer 17

condition of impaired muscle tone

Question 18

dystrophin

Answer 18

protein found in muscle cells

Question 19

dystrophy

Answer 19

any condition of abnormal development caused by defective nourishment

Question 20

exercise - active

Answer 20

muscular contraction and relaxation by patient

Question 21

exercise - assistive

Answer 21

muscular contraction and relaxation with assistance of therapist

Question 22

exercise - isometric

Answer 22

active muscular contraction against stable resistance

Question 23

exercise - passive

Answer 23

exercise performed by another individual without patient assistance

Question 24

exercise - range of motion

Answer 24

movement of each joint through its full range of motion

Question 25

exercise - relief of tension

Answer 25

technique used to promote relaxation of muscles and provide tension relief

Question 26

fascia

Answer 26

thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the muscles

Question 27

fibromyitis

Answer 27

inflammation of muscle and fibrous tissue

Question 28

isometric

Answer 28

pertaining to having equal measure; increasing tension of muscle while maintaining its length

Question 29

isotonic

Answer 29

pertaining to having the same tone or tension

Question 30

levator

Answer 30

muscle that raises or elevates a part

Question 31

myalgia

Answer 31

pain in the muscle

Question 32

myasthenia gravis

Answer 32

chronic autoimmune disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal muscles

Question 33

myoblast

Answer 33

embryonic cell that develops into cell of muscle fibre

Question 34

myofibroma

Answer 34

tumour that contains muscle and fibre

Question 35

myograph

Answer 35

instrument used to record muscular contractions

Question 36

myokinesis

Answer 36

muscular motion or activity

Question 37

myology

Answer 37

study of muscles

Question 38

myoma

Answer 38

tumour containing muscle tissue

Question 39

myomalacia

Answer 39

softening of muscle tissue

Question 40

myoparesis

Answer 40

weakness/slight paralysis of a muscle

Question 41

myopathy

Answer 41

muscle disease

Question 42

myoplasty

Answer 42

surgical repair of a muscle

Question 43

myorrhaphy

Answer 43

surgical suture of muscle wound

Question 44

myosarcoma

Answer 44

malignant tumour derived from muscle tissue

Question 45

myosclerosis

Answer 45

abnormal condition of hardening of muscle

Question 46

myositis

Answer 46

inflammation of skeletal muscle

Question 47

myospasm

Answer 47

spasmodic contraction of a muscle

Question 48

myotome

Answer 48

surgical instrument used to cut muscle

Question 49

myotomy

Answer 49

surgical incision into a muscle

Question 50

neuromyopathic

Answer 50

pertaining to a disease condition involving both nerves and muscles

Question 51

polyplegia

Answer 51

paralysis affecting many muscles

Question 52

quadriceps

Answer 52

muscle that has four heads or points of origin

Question 53

rhabdomyoma

Answer 53

tumour of striated muscle tissue

Question 54

rheumatism

Answer 54

general term used to describe conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles and joint pain

Question 55

rotator cuff

Answer 55

group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder

Question 56

sarcolemma

Answer 56

plasma membrane surrounding each striated muscle fibre

Question 57

spasticity

Answer 57

condition of increase muscular tone causing stiff and awkward movements

Question 58

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 58

muscle arising from the sternum with its insertion in the mastoid process

Question 59

synergetic

Answer 59

pertaining to certain muscles that work together

Question 60

synovitis

Answer 60

inflammation of synovial membrane

Question 61

tendon

Answer 61

connective tissue that attaches muscle to bones

Question 62

tenodesis

Answer 62

surgical binding of a tendon

Question 63

tenodynia

Answer 63

pain in a tendon

Question 64

tetany

Answer 64

condition characterized by cramps, convulsions, muscle twitching, and sharp flexion of wrist/ankle joints

Question 65

tonic

Answer 65

pertaining to tone

Question 66

torsion

Answer 66

process of being twisted

Question 67

torticollis

Answer 67

stiff neck cause by spasmodic contraction of neck muscles

Question 68

triceps

Answer 68

muscle having three heads with single insertion

Question 69

contractility

Answer 69

ability of muscle to contract

Question 70

extensibility

Answer 70

ability of muscle to stretch

Question 71

excitability

Answer 71

ability of a muscle to respond to stimulation

Question 72

elasticity

Answer 72

ability of a muscle to return to normal position

Question 73

parts of muscle - origin

Answer 73

fixed attachment to stationary bone

Question 74

parts of muscle - body

Answer 74

main part of muscle

Question 75

parts of muscle - insertion

Answer 75

point of attachment to bone that muscle is moving

Question 76

aponeurosis

Answer 76

sheet-like tendon attaching muscles in specific areas of the body (abdomen for example)

Question 77

prime mover/agonist

Answer 77

primary muscle involved in movement

Question 78

synergist

Answer 78

muscles that act to assist in movement

Question 79

tonicity

Answer 79

continuous partial contraction of skeletal muscles to maintain posture