Chapter 9: Vocab Flashcards
What is how hot or cold something is; it measures the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance?
Temperature
What is the temperature scale with a boiling point of (212) and a freezing point of (32) for water?
Fahrenheit
What is the temperature scale divided into 100 equal units between boiling point (100) and freezing point (0) for water?
Celsius
What is the fourth state of matter that exists inside starts? (Temperature millions of degrees Celsius)
Plasma
What is the temperature at which all molecular motion stops? (0 Kelvin)
Absolute Zero
What is thermal energy transferred from one subject to another due to temperature difference?
Heat
What is any substance lacking thermal energy?
Cold
What is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1C? (4.2J)
Calorie
What is this law of conservation of energy?
1st Law of Thermodynamics
What is any substance or well defined group of atoms, molecules, or objects?
System
What is heat never spontaneously flows from a cold substance to a hot substance?
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
What is a quantitative measure of disorder or randomness?
Entropy
What states no system can reach absolute zero?
3rd Law of Thermodynamics
What is the quantity of heat required to change the temperature of a substance by 1C?
Specific Heat Capacity
What is the expansion of a substance due to increased molecular motion in the substance?
Thermal Expansion
