Chapter 13: Vocab Flashcards
Moves through matter. (Cannot travel through a vacuum)
Sound wave
Vibrations that can pass through electric and magnetic fields.
Light
High point of a wave.
Crest
Low point of a wave.
Trough
The distance from the midpoint to the top of the crest. (Or bottom of the trough)
Amplitude
From one crest to the next.
Wavelength
Number of vibrations passing a given point per unit of time.
Frequency
Unit of frequency, one vibration per second.
Hertz
The time required for one complete vibration.
Period
The speed which waves travel.
Wave speed
A wave in which the particles move perpendicular to wave motion. (Water waves)
Transverse wave
Particles move back and forth in the direction of wave motion. (Aka compressional waves)
Longitudinal Wave
Squeezing together
Compression
A thinning out. (Slinky/sound waves)
Rarefaction
How high or low a sound is. (Dependent upon the frequency of the vibrating object.)
Pitch
Detects human sounds 20-20,000 hz.
Human ear
Frequency less than 20 hz.
Infrasonic waves
Frequency greater than 20,000 hz.
Ultrasonic waves
Reflection of sound.
Echo
Bending of sound
Refraction
The vibration of a sample of matter due to interaction with a frequency that is the same as the sample’s natural frequency.
Resonance
A frequency at which an electric object tends to vibrate.
Natural Frequency
The combining of two or more waves of the same wavelength.
Interference
The crest of one wave overlaps the crest of another higher amplitude.
Constructive Interference
The periodic variation loudness due to interference of two waves of slightly different frequency.
Beats
One wave crest overlaps the trough of another lower amplitude.
Destructive Interference
A stationary wave pattern formed when 2 sets of identical waves pass through a medium in opposite direction.
Standing wave
The part of a standing wave that doesn’t seem to move.
Node
The part of a standing wave that moves the most.
Antinode
The change in frequency of wave motion resulting from motion of either the wave source or the observer.
Dobbler Effect
Galaxies move away from the earth. Light shifts toward the rend end of the spectrum.
Red Shift
Galaxies move toward the earth. Light shifts toward the blue end of the spectrum.
Blue Shift
A vibration that moves through space and time.
Wave
Object that travels faster than the speed of sound.
Supersonic
V-shaped wave created when the object outruns the wave.
Bow wave
The cone shapes wave made by an object moving at supersonic speed through a fluid.
Shock wave
The loud sound resulting from the incidence of a shock wave.
Sonic boom
