Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Chapter 30& 31 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 30& 31 Vocab Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A natural solid substance with a definite geometric shape.

A

Crystal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Two minerals with the same elements, but the elements are bonded together differently.

A

Polymorphs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A means of determining the hardness of a substance (1-10) diamond-hardest(10)
Talc-softest (1)

A

Mohs scale of harness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Splitting of minerals along smooth, flat surfaces.

A

Cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The breaking of a mineral somewhere other than the cleavage plane.

A

Fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How’s a mineral appears when it reflects light.

A

Luster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The color of a mineral when it’s in powdered form.

A

Streak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A measure of density. Describes the change in the volume of water when a dense solid is placed in it.

A

Specific Gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Contain mostly silicon and oxygen. Most common are Quartz and feldspar.

A

Silicates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Contain oxygen and a metal. Industrial metal ores.

A

Oxides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contains carbon and oxygen (co3) most common- calcium corbonate (limestone)

A

Carbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contains sulfur and a metal. (Pyrite)

A

Sulfides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Contain sulfur, oxygen, and a metal. (Gypsum)

A

Sulfates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Molten rock from the Earth’s interior.

A

Magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Come from magma. Make up 95% of rocks in the Earth’s crust. (Basalt and granite)

A

Igneous rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Formed from pieces of other rocks (erosion). Sandstone, shale, limestone.

A

Sedimentary rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Formed from pre-existing rocks and extreme hear or pressure. (Marble, slate)

A

Metamorphic Rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Formed at the earths surface.

A

Extrusive igneous rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Molten material that forms from magma on the earths surface.

A

Lava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lava that pours out onto the earths surface through a central vent.

A

Volcano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Built from layers of lava. Broad based and gently sloping sides. Very large. (Mauna Loa)

A

Shield cone

22
Q

Very steep sides. Built from ashes, cinders, and rock. Relatively short. (300m)

A

Cinder cones

23
Q

Consist of alternating layers of lava, ash, and mud. Steep sides, very large. (Mt. Fuji, mt. St. Helens)

A

Composite cones

24
Q

The funnel shaped pit at the top of a volcano.

A

Crater

25
Q

A large basin shaped depression formed when an explosion destroys the upper portion of a volcano.

A

Caldera

26
Q

Igneous rocks formed from magma that cools.

A

Intrusive igneous rocks

27
Q

Vertical column of magma.

A

Dike

28
Q

Horizontal layers of magma.

A

Sill

29
Q

Push overlying rock layers upward.

A

Laccolith

30
Q

Largest of all the igneous intrusions.

A

Batholith

31
Q

Physically breaking rocks into smaller pieces.

A

Mechanical weathering

32
Q

Chemical reactions with water that decomposes rock.

A

Chemical weathering

33
Q

The process of transporting weathered rock by water, wind, or ice.

A

Erosion

34
Q

Rock particles are deposited one layer at a time horizontally.

A

Sedimentation

35
Q

Composed of microscopic pieces

A

Whale

36
Q

.05-2mm grains of sand.

A

Sandstone

37
Q

Composed of gravel sized particles.

A

Conglomerate

38
Q

Limestone and evaporites.

A

Chemical sedimentary rocks

39
Q

The process of changing one kind of rock into another due to a high temp and/or pressure.

A

Metamorphism

40
Q

The rocks surrounding a magma intrusion are changed to metamorphic rock.

A

Contact metamorphism

41
Q

Large areas of rock are changed due to the process of mountain building.

A

Regional metamorphism

42
Q

Have layered mineral bands.

A

Foliated metamorphic rock

43
Q

Comes from shale and created at low temps and pressure.

A

Slate

44
Q

Forms at higher temps and pressure. Generally shiny in appearance.

A

Schist

45
Q

Distinct alternating light and dark bands.

A

Gneiss

46
Q

Lack banding patterns.

A

Nonfoliated metamorphic rock

47
Q

Comes from limestone (building)

A

Marble

48
Q

Comes from sandstone, variety of colors.

A

Quartzite

49
Q

A process involving the formation, destruction, alteration, and reformation of rocks due to the earths natural processes.

A

Rock cycle

50
Q

A naturally occurring inorganic substance whose atoms are chemically bonded in a specific crystalline structure.

A

Mineral

Science (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions