Chapter 17 Definitions

Question 1

What are atoms composed of?

Answer 1

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 2

What happens in 1897?

Answer 2

J.J Thomson discovers the electron (e-). e- has a negative charge.

Question 3

Ernest Rutherford discovered the atom contains a positively charged core called the nucleus.

Answer 3

1911

Question 4

Positive charge(p+) in the nucleus

Answer 4

Proton

Question 5

Particle with no charge in the nucleus(n0)

Answer 5

Neutron

Question 6

Very tiny and orbit the nucleus

Answer 6

Electrons

Question 7

The number of protons found in an atom

Answer 7

Atomic number

Question 8

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Answer 8

Isotopes

Question 9

What do isotopes do?

Answer 9

Give atoms of a single element different masses. C14, S33

Question 10

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Answer 10

Mass number

Question 11

What are elements named for?

Answer 11

Properties, locations, scientists, planets, Latin or Greek origins

Question 12

Total mass of an atom. Mass of all protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Answer 12

Atomic mass

Question 13

Atomic mass is measured in what?

Answer 13

(Amu) daltons. It takes 6x10 to the 23 Amu to equal one gram

Question 14

What groups can the periodic table be divided into?

Answer 14

Metals and nonmetals

Question 15

Shiny, opaque, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity.

Answer 15

Metals

Question 16

Poor conductors, may be solids, liquids, or gases.

Answer 16

Nonmetals

Question 17

Tells how many occupied energy levels are in each atom of an element. (Rows across)

Answer 17

Period

Question 18

Elements with similar characteristics. (Columns down)

Answer 18

Group (family)

Question 19

Left hand column of periodic table. (Li, Na, K…) most chemically reactive metals.

Answer 19

Alkali metals

Question 20

Very reactive; form ionic bonds. (Ca, Mg, Be…)

Answer 20

Alkaline earth metals

Question 21

The gradual change of any property in the elements across a period (size)

Answer 21

Periodic trend

Question 22

Discovered by Rutherford in 1919. Process of adding a p+ to the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 22

Transmutation of elements

Question 23

What are all the elements right of uranium?

Answer 23

Transmutated, they do not exist in nature.

Question 24

What will transmutated elements do?

Answer 24

They break apart giving off excess protons and neutrons. These particles are radioactive.