Chapter 9: Structures and Functions of Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the Endocrine System?

Answer 1

To produce hormones that work together to maintain homeostasis.

Question 2

What are Hormones?

Answer 2

Chemicals messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate nearly all the processes in the body.

Question 3

What are the process of Hormones?

Answer 3

Growth, developiemt, hunger, thirst, emotions, mood, sexuality, pregnancy, childbirth, sleep, response to stress.

Question 4

What is the Pituitary gland?

Answer 4

A small, pea-sized located at the base of the brain.

Question 5

What is the master gland?

Answer 5

Pituitary gland.

Question 6

What is the primary function of the Pituitary Gland (master gland)?

Answer 6

To secure hormones that control the activity of other endocrine glands.

Question 7

The production of the Pituitary hormones is under the control of?

Answer 7

The hypothalamus of the brain.

Question 8

What does the Hypothalamus senses?

Answer 8

The levels of circulating hormones to be released or reduced.

Question 9

What does the levels of circulating hormones to be released of reduced do?

Answer 9

Creates a system of checks and balances to maintain an appropriate blood level of each hormone.

Question 10

What is the Thyoid?

Answer 10

A butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck.

Question 11

What is the Thyroid responsible for?

Answer 11

Metabolism.

Question 12

What does the Thyroid hormones help control?

Answer 12

Body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate.

Question 13

Where are the four Parathyroid Glands?

Answer 13

Embedded on the back surface of the thyroid gland.

Question 14

What is the function of the four Parathyroid Glands?

Answer 14

Regulate the calcium content of the blood.

Question 15

Why are calcium levels so important?

Answer 15

For the smooth functioning of the muscular and nervous systems.

Question 16

Where is the Thymus Gland located?

Answer 16

In the thoracic cavity, slightly above the heart.

Question 17

The Thymus secrets a hormone that helps what?

Answer 17

Develop the body’s immune system before birth and in childhood.

Question 18

How many Adrenal Glands does each kidney has on top?

Answer 18

One.

Question 19

What is one of the primary functions of the Adrenal glands?

Answer 19

To control electrolyte levels in the body.

Question 20

Other hormones released by the Adrenal glands play an important role in?

Answer 20

The “fight or flight response” in stressful situations.

Question 21

What is the Pineal Gland?

Answer 21

A very small gland located in the central portion of the brain.

Question 22

How does Pineal Gland manages the sleep cycle?

Answer 22

By releasing melatonin, a hormone that helps initiate and maintain sleep.

Question 23

Where is the Pancreas located?

Answer 23

Behind the stomach and is part of the Digestive and Endocrine systems.

Question 24

What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?

Answer 24

To control blood glucose levels throughout the body by secreting insulin in response to elevated levels of glucose in bloodstream.

Question 25

What are the Gonads?

Answer 25

The ovaries in females and testicles in males.

Question 26

To producing reproductive cells, the gonads also secrete the hormones responsible for?

Answer 26

Secondary sex characteristics that develop during puberty.

Question 27

The hormones estrogen are?

Answer 27

Females.

Question 28

The hormones testosterone are?

Answer 28

Males.