Chapter 2: Common Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
Cataract causes the lens to become less elastic, takes on a yellowish hue and loses its transparency, What is the only way to restore clear vision?
Through vision.
How does Cataract surgery is done?
The opaque lens is removed and replaced with an implant.
What is Glaucoma?
An increase in the fluid pressure within the eye.
If the pressure of Glaucoma is so excessive that distortion of the retina and optic nerve can lead to?
Partial or complete blindness.
Medical Therapy of Glaucoma consist of?
Eyedrops and oral medication.
In Glaucoma surgery may be necessary to create a pathway to?
Drain fluid from the inside the eye.
Risk factors for developing Glaucoma include?
Diabetes, hypertension and increased age.
what is Vertigo?
An illusion of movements that can cause dizziness, cold sweat, nausea and vomitinf.
What is the most common cause of Vertigo?
Motion sickness form riding cars, boats or planes.
Vertigo results when processing centers in the brain receive conflicting sensory information from?
The eyes and inner ear.
What usually control the symptoms of Vertigo?
Medications taken orally or in a transdermal patch.
what is Presbycusis?
An age-related hearing loss.
Presbyusis can be associated with?
Damage to nerve pathways that carry sound information to the brain.
What is the first sign of Presbycusis?
Difficulty understanding whay people are saying.
As the hearing loss worsens, it becomes difficult to?
Hear more than just speech.
Although the damage of Presbycusis is irreversible what can be helpful?
Effective hearing. aids.
Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the membranes lining the nose resulting from the body’s attempt to?
Remove environmental allergens that have com in contact with its mucous membranes.
What are some of the common allergens?
Pollen, mold, dust mites, and pet dander.
When expoed to the allergens an individual’s immune system releases histamine that then binds to other receptors in nasal tissues causing?
Itching, swelling, and runny nose.
Treatments for Allergic Rhinitis often includes?
The use of antihistamines.
Nasal Polyps are benign growths that can occur in?
The lining of the nasal passages.
Larger growths or groups of polyps can block?
The airway.
Polyps result from?
Chronic inflammation.
What are the symptoms of Nasal Polyps?
Nasal congestion, facial pain and loss of smell.
Medicine can shrink the polyps but what is necessary?
Surgical removal.
What is Epistaxis or Nosebleed?
A common problem that can occur when dry air causes the nasal mucous membranes to dry out and can bleed when sneezing or nose blowing.
Less common causes of Epistaxis or Nosebleed include?
High blood pressure, nasal polyps, use of blood thinner and blood diseases.
What is the initial treatment of Epistaxis or Nosebleed?
Pinching the soft part of the nose together for 10min.
Advanced treatment for Epistaxis or Nosebleed involves?
Packing the nose with a gauze pad, inflating a nasal balloon to create pressure against the blood vessels or cauterization with heat energy or silver nitrate.
Where does Oral Cancers commonly develop?
On the tongue, under the tongue, at the base of the tongue and at the back of the mouth.
What does many people diagnosed with oral cancer use?
Tobacco or are heavy alcohol drinkers.
A significant increase in the incidence of oral cancer has been linked to?
The human papillomavirus (HPV).
What are the 3 main treatment options of Oral Cancer?
Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
