Chapter 2: Common Diseases and Disorders

Question 1

Cataract causes the lens to become less elastic, takes on a yellowish hue and loses its transparency, What is the only way to restore clear vision?

Answer 1

Through vision.

Question 2

How does Cataract surgery is done?

Answer 2

The opaque lens is removed and replaced with an implant.

Question 3

What is Glaucoma?

Answer 3

An increase in the fluid pressure within the eye.

Question 4

If the pressure of Glaucoma is so excessive that distortion of the retina and optic nerve can lead to?

Answer 4

Partial or complete blindness.

Question 5

Medical Therapy of Glaucoma consist of?

Answer 5

Eyedrops and oral medication.

Question 6

In Glaucoma surgery may be necessary to create a pathway to?

Answer 6

Drain fluid from the inside the eye.

Question 7

Risk factors for developing Glaucoma include?

Answer 7

Diabetes, hypertension and increased age.

Question 8

what is Vertigo?

Answer 8

An illusion of movements that can cause dizziness, cold sweat, nausea and vomitinf.

Question 9

What is the most common cause of Vertigo?

Answer 9

Motion sickness form riding cars, boats or planes.

Question 10

Vertigo results when processing centers in the brain receive conflicting sensory information from?

Answer 10

The eyes and inner ear.

Question 11

What usually control the symptoms of Vertigo?

Answer 11

Medications taken orally or in a transdermal patch.

Question 12

what is Presbycusis?

Answer 12

An age-related hearing loss.

Question 13

Presbyusis can be associated with?

Answer 13

Damage to nerve pathways that carry sound information to the brain.

Question 14

What is the first sign of Presbycusis?

Answer 14

Difficulty understanding whay people are saying.

Question 15

As the hearing loss worsens, it becomes difficult to?

Answer 15

Hear more than just speech.

Question 16

Although the damage of Presbycusis is irreversible what can be helpful?

Answer 16

Effective hearing. aids.

Question 17

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the membranes lining the nose resulting from the body’s attempt to?

Answer 17

Remove environmental allergens that have com in contact with its mucous membranes.

Question 18

What are some of the common allergens?

Answer 18

Pollen, mold, dust mites, and pet dander.

Question 19

When expoed to the allergens an individual’s immune system releases histamine that then binds to other receptors in nasal tissues causing?

Answer 19

Itching, swelling, and runny nose.

Question 20

Treatments for Allergic Rhinitis often includes?

Answer 20

The use of antihistamines.

Question 21

Nasal Polyps are benign growths that can occur in?

Answer 21

The lining of the nasal passages.

Question 22

Larger growths or groups of polyps can block?

Answer 22

The airway.

Question 23

Polyps result from?

Answer 23

Chronic inflammation.

Question 24

What are the symptoms of Nasal Polyps?

Answer 24

Nasal congestion, facial pain and loss of smell.

Question 25

Medicine can shrink the polyps but what is necessary?

Answer 25

Surgical removal.

Question 26

What is Epistaxis or Nosebleed?

Answer 26

A common problem that can occur when dry air causes the nasal mucous membranes to dry out and can bleed when sneezing or nose blowing.

Question 27

Less common causes of Epistaxis or Nosebleed include?

Answer 27

High blood pressure, nasal polyps, use of blood thinner and blood diseases.

Question 28

What is the initial treatment of Epistaxis or Nosebleed?

Answer 28

Pinching the soft part of the nose together for 10min.

Question 29

Advanced treatment for Epistaxis or Nosebleed involves?

Answer 29

Packing the nose with a gauze pad, inflating a nasal balloon to create pressure against the blood vessels or cauterization with heat energy or silver nitrate.

Question 30

Where does Oral Cancers commonly develop?

Answer 30

On the tongue, under the tongue, at the base of the tongue and at the back of the mouth.

Question 31

What does many people diagnosed with oral cancer use?

Answer 31

Tobacco or are heavy alcohol drinkers.

Question 32

A significant increase in the incidence of oral cancer has been linked to?

Answer 32

The human papillomavirus (HPV).

Question 33

What are the 3 main treatment options of Oral Cancer?

Answer 33

Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.