Chapter 7: Common Diseases and Disorders Flashcards
Colorectal Cancer develops in the large intense (colon) from?
Cancerous Polyps.
Polyps are growths that arise in the lining of he colon caused by?
Changes in the genetic material of the cells.
What are some risk factors for Colorectal Cancer?
Family history of polyps, history of Colorectal cancer and history of inflammatory bowel disease.
What does the American Cancer Society recommends to people?
Periodic screenings beginning at age 45 for people at average risk of colorectal cancer to detect pre-cancerous polyps.
What are the treatments for most cases of Colorectal Cancer?
Surgical removal of the affected part of the large intestine with chemotherapy or radiation.
What is Diverticulitis?
Inflammation of a diverticulum.
What is a Diverticulum?
Abnormal pouch that protrudes from the wall of the intestine.
Does people can develop many Diverticula?
Yes.
What happens when bacteria become trapped in a diverticulum?
Becomes inflamed and infected.
What is the treatment for Diverticulitis?
Antibiotics or surgery to remove the affected colon section.
What is Diverticulosis?
Condition where diverticula are present but not inflamed and no need treatment.
When people have Diverticulosis, what do they need to do to prevent Diverticulitis?
Should eat high fiber diet, exercise, drink water and take a stool softener.
What is Hepatitis?
An inflammation of the liver usually caused by viral infection.
What are the three most common causes of Viral Hepatitis?
A, B, and C.
Hepatitis A is often transmitted by?
Fecal-oral route.
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious condition transmitted mainly by?
Food handlers that have contaminated food or water with infected fecal matter from unsafe sanitary practices.
What is available to prevent Hepatitis A?
Vaccine.
Why is Hepatitis B a bloodborne disease that is especially concerning of health care workers?
Because of their contact with blood and other body fluids contaminated with the virus, needlestick injuries involving infected patients.
What is available to prevent Hepatitis B?
Vaccine.
Hepatitis C is contracted through blood and body fluids?
Yes.
What is a significant threat to health care workers?
Needlestick transmission.
Hepatitis C overtime develops into a chronic condition that causes?
Cirrhosis (scaring) of the liver, liver failure, or liver cancer.
Is there an available vaccine to prevent Hepatitis C?
No.
Malnutrition develops when the body is deprived of?
Vitamins and other nutrients like protein, zinc, choline and needs to maintain healthy organ function.
What is one of the primary causes of Malnutrition?
Insufficient food consumption.
In children, Malnutrition can lead to?
Stunted growth, developmental delays, listlessness and weakened immune system (can result in a lifetime of chronic medical problems).
What does Interventions for Chronic Malnutrition at the community level include?
Food security, safe water, education of parents and growth monitoring of infants.
Malnutrition frequently occurs in the older population as well, especially to?
People with dementia.
What are some factors of accounting for Malnutrition in older adults?
Poverty, tooth loss, deterioration in mobility, difficulty swallowing, arthritic hands, etc.
Ulcers are open lesions that develop in?
The mucous membranes of the digestive system.
Mouth Ulcers are also called?
Aphthous Ulcers or Canker Sores.
Mouth Ulcers form on the mucous membranes of?
The oral cavity.
What is the cause of the Mouth Ulcers condition?
Unknown but some medications are linked to the development of mouth ulcers like NSAIDs.
Is there cure to Ulcers of the Digestive System?
No but ulcers clear up not their own and over-the-counter medication is to relieve pain.
What are Peptic Ulcers?
Open sores that develop in the mucous membranes of the lower esophagus or upper part of the small intestine.
Peptic Ulcers are usually caused by?
Bacterium Helicobacter Pylori.
What are other causes of Peptic Ulcers than the bacterium?
Long-term use of NSAIDs or aspirin, smoking or consumption of alcohol.
For most people What are the treatments for Peptic Ulcers?
Doctors treat Peptic Ulcers with medications.
