Chapter 9 pt: 4,5 Flashcards
What is the Electron transport chain?
- A network of proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- These proteins complex with molecules that are electronegative, meaning they readily accept electrons
- These proteins are arranged so that each step in the chain is slightly more electronegative than the previous one.
Where are electrons passed from prior to entering the chain?
- NADH or FADH2
What happens to potential energy and the energy state as you move further down the electron transport chain?
Decreases
What are the functional groups of the electrons transport chain that receive electrons?
- FMN: flavin-containing prosthetic group in flavor protein.
- Fe-S: protein with an iron-sulfur cofactor
- Cyt: protein with a heme prosthetic group
- Q: ubiquinone, a nonprotein coenzyme
At the end of complex one where do the electrons get picked up?
- inner membrane space by ubiquinone.
Where does the electron transport chain take place in?
Inner membrane of the mitochondria.
Where are the protons that are produced using the energy from the electrons donated by NADH found?
- the complex’s proton pump moves them from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space.
where does ubiquinone move the electrons from complex one?
Complex three.
What picks up the electrons in the inner membrane space following complex three?
Cyt-c swoops
Where does Cyt-c take the electrons?
Complex four
What happens to the electrons after complex four uses their energy to make protons?
- O2 outside the complex nabs the electrons and uses them to reduce it’s to water.
What was the point of the electrons in step four of the electron transport chain?
Create a proton gradient.
How do the journey of the electrons from FADH differ from those in NADH?
- they begin at complex 2, following complex two they are picked up by ubiquinone and then taken to three… (same path from this point on)
- Purpose is also the same.
Where are the differences in charges as a result of the proton concentration gradient?
+: intermembrane space
- : mitochondrial matrix
- Creating a large gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the Proton-Motive force?
It is the large proton gradient in the inner mitochondrial membrane that represents a large amount of potential energy.