CHapter 4 Flashcards
What are nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What is the three part structure of a nucleotide?
Phosphate group is bonded to a 5-Carbon sugar
Nitrogenous base.
What nucleotide that form rna?
Ribose
What nucleotide that form DNA?
deoxyribose
What’s the difference between a ribose and a deoxyribose?
deoxyribose.: Attached to carbon two is a hydrogen
ribose, attached to the carbon two is a hydroxide
What are the nitrogenous bases?
Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine
Out of the nitrogenous bases which ones can be used to form DNA? and RNA
Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine
Which of the nitrogenous bases are used to form only DNA?
Thymine
Which of the nitrogenous bases are used to form only RNA?
Uracil
What is the difference between the pyrimidines and the purines?
These are the two types of nitrogenous bases used to form nucleotides.
Purines: double hydro-carbon ring
Pyrimidines: Single hydro-carbon ring
What is the ribose problem?
In an experiment conducted to test the prebiotic earth it was found that most of the sugars formed in these environment are 6/3 carbon sugars, and it is quite difficult to get ribose to form here.
What is the pyridine problem?
In an experiment conducted to test the prebiotic earth
they found that it is much easier to get purines to form as opposed to pyrimdine
Nucleic acids are polymers of what?
nucleotides
When do condensation reactions occur?
anytime you make a biological polymer.
Describe the condensation reaction that takes place in nucleotides?
The hydroxide groups on the neighboring five prime phosphate group and 3 prime bond.