Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the properties of living organisms?

Answer 1

-composed of cells
-capable or replication
-capable of sensing their environment internal/external
and making adjustments accordingly.
-capable of acquiring energy and converting it to a useful form.
- cells are the product of evolution

Question 2

What are the three fundamental theories of life?

Answer 2

1. ) Cell theory: organisms are composed of cells. Cells come from pre-existing cells.
2. ) Living organisms evolve: the characteristics of a species change throughout time.
3. ) Life processes information and converts energy: living organisms must convert information from one form to another, and the must be capable of carrying out energy conversions.

Question 3

What was the initial evidence that life was cellular?

Answer 3

the mid 1600’s when primitive microscopes were created.

Question 4

Who who responsible for the 1,2,3 postulate of the cell theory?

Answer 4

1. ) Schwan, 1839- organisms are composed of cells
2. ) Virchow, 1858- cells come from cells
3. )

Question 5

What are the implications of the Cell theory?

Answer 5

single-celled organisms in a population are related to a single common ancestor and…
… all cells in a multicellular organism are descended from a founder cell ( usually the fertilized egg)

Question 6

Prokaryote?

Answer 6

do not have a membrane-bound nucleus (archaea and bacteria)

Question 7

Eukaryotes?

Answer 7

contains a membrane-bound nucleus (plants and animals)

Question 8

Luca?

Answer 8

Last universal common ancestor

Question 9

t/f: cells share common characteristics because they are related by ancestry?

Answer 9

T

Question 10

t/f :cells are highly adapted to their specific niches

Answer 10

T

Question 11

What is the Central Dogma of molecular Biology?

Answer 11

The process of DNA to messenger RNA to Proteins