Chapter 33 Part 2: Flashcards

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1
Q

T/F the interaction between viruses and their host cells are very specific?

A

T, some component of the outer covering of the virus that recognizes a particular molecule in the surface in of the host cell.

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2
Q

Describe the specific interaction that takes place between HIV cells and CD4?

A
  • HIV is an enveloped protein that interacts very specifically with a protein called CD4.
    CD4, which interacts on the subset of immune cells, in particular helper T-cells.
  • This interaction is what gives HIV the ability to bind to helper T-cells.
    ( 1st step in getting it getting the virus into the cell is the initial binding that occurs.)
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3
Q

Describe the steps involved with getting a virus into the cell

A
  • Bind to the specific external receptor that is key for getting molecules into the cell.
  • Enter the host and go through the process of uncoding.
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4
Q

What is the process of uncoding?

prokaryotes

A
  • free up the viral genome so it can be used up within the host cell.
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5
Q

Describe the interactions of bacterial phages and how this relates to them getting into the cell?

A
  • each type of phage has very specific tail fibers that allow it to find a specific kind of bacterial cell
    ( 1st step in getting it getting the virus into the cell is the initial binding that occurs.)
    ——————————————————————————
  • ## drills a cell wall through the cell wall and membrane , and injects its genome into the cell.-Then the genome is uncoded and can be utilized by the host cell genome.
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6
Q

Describe the process of uncoding in eukaryotes. use the HIV example used in lecture?
(enveloped viruses that bind to the cellular receptor)

A
  • enveloped vires will dock onto the surface of the host cell.
  • causing a shape change in the receptor, which brings the bacteria closer to host. Then the plasma membrane simply fuses to the envelope of the virus.
  • Then the viral capsid slides into the host cell and once inside the capsid proteins dissociate and now the viral genome is free.
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7
Q

Describe the process of uncoding in eukaryotes?

all non-enveloped viruses, and some enveloped viruses

A
  • The binding of that cell to the surface of that cells receptor tricks it into bringing it into the cell via endocytosis.
  • begins the process of converting an endosome into a lysosome as the pH drops, which causes a shape change in some of the viral proteins
  • Such that, the virus then fuses with the endosome and releases its contents into the endosome.
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