Chapter 9 (Pt. 1)

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

study of heredity

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

• unit of heredity

- part of chromosome that control traits

Question 3

Gregor Mendel

Answer 3

• father of genetics

- austrian monk

Question 4

Blending Hypotheses Of Inheritance

Answer 4

genetic info of parents blend producing offspring of characteristics

Question 5

Mendel proposed & tested the ______ ________ __ ______ using garden peas for his experiments

Answer 5

Particulate Hypotheses of Heredity

Question 6

Pea strains showed clear…

Answer 6

alternatives traits

Question 7

Mendel controlled matings b/c peas normally…

Answer 7

self-fertilize, he could CROSS-fertilize them

Question 8

Mendel knew he could disprove BLENDING hypotheses…

Answer 8

if parental forms reappeared in offspring

Question 9

Mendel experimented with

Answer 9

14 strains of pure bred peas

Question 10

In Mendels experiment The F1 Generation showed _____ ____ of the Parental Generation but NOT the ______ trait

Answer 10

dominant trait

recessive trait

Question 11

F1=

Answer 11

parents produce

Question 12

Monohybrid Crosses

Answer 12

matings btwn. individuals differing in ONE trait studied

Question 13

Parental generation

Answer 13

generation he starts off with

Question 14

Dominant trait

Answer 14

• may be most common

- if you have one dominant trait, your going to be dominant

Question 15

Mendel allowed F1 hybrid plants to self-fertilize…

Answer 15

producing seed for F2 Generation

Question 16

Recessive trait

Answer 16

• CAN skip generations

- only show up if you have TWO recessive traits

Question 17

The recessive traits reappeared, but NO _______ ______ appeared, disproving the _______ hypothesis

Answer 17

intermediate traits

blending

Question 18

Mendel found most F2 generations showed approx…

Answer 18

3:1 ratio of DOMINANT : recessive traits

Question 19

Classic Mendeilian ratio

Answer 19

3:1

dominant : recessive

Question 20

Unit of Heredity

Answer 20

produced short-stemmed plants in P passed to F1 generation

Question 21

Allele

Answer 21

-alternate form of gene

Question 22

We now know genes are

Answer 22

discrete sections of chromosomes

Question 23

Each chromosome has ONE…

Answer 23

allele per gene

Question 24

Mendel decided that a hybrid has 2 different alleles, one _______ & one ______

Answer 24

dominant

recessive

Question 25

Pure breeding parents have identical _____

Answer 25

alleles

Question 26

Phenotype

Answer 26

PHYSICAL appearance of organism

Question 27

Homozygous

Answer 27

• pure breed organisms

- pair of IDENTICAL alleles

Question 28

Genotype

Answer 28

• genetic makeup of organism

ex. purple allele, white allele

Question 29

Heterozygous

Answer 29

-hybrids with 2 DIFFERENT alleles for trait

Question 30

Mendel’s Principal Of Segregation:

SEXUALLY reproducing diploid organisms have…

Answer 30

• TWO copies of each gene

- split during formation of haploid GAMETES

Question 31

Mendel developed Testcross to determine genotype of…

Answer 31

organism showing dominant trait

Question 32

organisms w/ UNKOWN genotypes are crossed with…

Answer 32

Homozygous Recessive