Biology Test Ch. 1

Question 1

order

Answer 1

classify organisms

Question 2

organ system

Answer 2

group of organs that work together to carry out a task

  ex. respiratory system

Question 3

tissues

Answer 3

groups of similar cells

Question 4

cells

Answer 4

• smallest living units

- made up of organelles

Question 5

organelles

Answer 5

tiny organ, small enough to fit into cell

ex. nucleus - brain of cell

Question 6

molecules

Answer 6

made up of atoms

Question 7

atoms

Answer 7

• smallest part of element

- has chemical properties of that element

Question 8

entropy

Answer 8

• amount of disorder in a system
• unorganized amount of entropy goes up with age
• ultimate stage of entropy = death

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

• the sum of ALL chemical reactions going on in body
• breakdown and synthesis of molecules
• making energy available, building needed parts
  ex. breaking down breakfast

Question 10

Responsiveness

Answer 10

how organisms react to their environment

ex: mouse running from eagle

Question 11

Motility

Answer 11

ability to move

ex:crawl, fly, swim, slither

Question 12

Reproduction

Answer 12

production of offspring

Question 13

Asexual

Answer 13

• single parent,

- genetically identical offspring

Question 14

Sexual

Answer 14

• 2 parents

- unique offspring

Question 15

Development

Answer 15

progressive changes resulting increased size

Question 16

Heredity

Answer 16

-involves passing of “genes” from parent to offspring

-controls “pcb” traits
physical, chemical, biological

Question 17

genes are made of DNA but make…

Answer 17

protiens**

Question 18

Adaptations

Answer 18

• genetic mutations gives advantage

- a change in the gene

Question 19

Natural Selection

Answer 19

evolutionary mechanism identified by Darwin and Wallace

Question 20

individuals with “GOOD” variations have…

Answer 20

an advantage in a competitive environment

Question 21

Nature “SELECTS” the most “FIT” organisms to…

Answer 21

become the parents of the next generation. FIT=sueded

Question 22

Life formed…

Answer 22

3.8 bill years ago

Question 23

Earth is how old?

Answer 23

4.5 billion yrs old

Question 24

When was oxygen first created?

Answer 24

2.5 billion years ago

Question 25

Was there oxygen when earth was first created?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

FIRST photosynthesis occurred in...

Answer 26

bacteria....NOT plants

Question 27

Life started in the sea then moved to...

Answer 27

land

Question 28

First things moved onto the land were...

Answer 28

plants

Question 29

First group of ANIMALS to move on land were...

Answer 29

insects

Question 30

First inverter-bra class

Answer 30

fish (came out of the water)

Question 31

fish evolved into...

Answer 31

amphibians

Question 32

amphibians made up...

Answer 32

reptiles

Question 33

Reptiles then cased

Answer 33

birds and mammals

Question 34

Ecology

Answer 34

the study of relationships between organisms and their environments

Question 35

Populations

Answer 35

- groups of certain organisms that live in the same area - interbreed ex. fl panther, key deer

Question 36

Community

Answer 36

Anything living in same area that's ALIVE ex, plants, animals, bacteria (anything thats alive)

Question 37

Ecosystem

Answer 37

community and its nonliving surroundings ex. rocks, water, air all together **EVERGLADES

Question 38

Biosphere

Answer 38

ALL ecosystems of earth

Question 39

Taxonomy

Answer 39

science of classifying organisms into different taxa

Question 40

Species

Answer 40

- come from same group - structurally similar - interbreed (look alike)

Question 41

Species have to be able to create...

Answer 41

FERTILE offspring

Question 42

Genus

Answer 42

includes related and similar species

Question 43

scientific name =

Answer 43

genus + species*** (underline both words, capitalize first) ex. - Quercus virginiana - “Live Oak”*** -Agkistrodon piscivorous - “Water Moccasin”, “Cotton Mouth”

Question 44

Family - grouping of..

Answer 44

genera

Question 45

Order - grouping of..

Answer 45

families

Question 46

Class - grouping of

Answer 46

orders

Question 47

Phylum (Zoology) or Division (Botany) grouping of...

Answer 47

classes

Question 48

Kingdom - grouping of

Answer 48

phyla or divisions

Question 49

Domain - grouping of

Answer 49

kingdoms

Question 50

Bacteria =

Answer 50

Bacteria

Question 51

Archaea =

Answer 51

Archaea

Question 52

Eukarya =

Answer 52

- Protista - Plantae - Fungi - Animalia

Question 53

Kingdom Animalia

Answer 53

- multicellular - heterotrophs - complex organ systems - eukaryotes ex. humans, insects, tigers

Question 54

eukaryotes have...

Answer 54

a true nucleus

Question 55

Kingdom Plantae

Answer 55

- multicellular - autotrophs - complex organ systems - eukaryotes = true nucleus ex. trees, wildflowers

Question 56

Kingdom Fungi

Answer 56

- single AND multi celled - heterotrophs - eukaryotes ex. yeasts, mushrooms

Question 57

Kingdom Protista

Answer 57

- single AND multi-celled - eukaryotes ex. amoebas, algae

Question 58

Eugle...

Answer 58

plant, moves, eat

Question 59

Kingdom Bacteria

Answer 59

- single celled - prokaryotes ex. E.coli, strep

Question 60

Kingdom Archaea

Answer 60

- resemble bacteria but are NOT - single celled - prokaryotic - live in harsh, O2 deficient environments ex. found in sulfur hot springs

Question 61

Genetic similarities suggest all living things arose from...

Answer 61

single group of ancestral cells present at the dawn of life

Question 62

Hypothesis**

Answer 62

tentative generalization

Question 63

Theory**

Answer 63

hypothesis that survives repeated attempts to disprove it

Question 64

Scientific Method Steps

Answer 64

``` question hypothesis prediction experiment conclusions ```

Question 65

Control group

Answer 65

keep all factors the same except the one in question

Question 65

genes determine physical...

Answer 65

traits but also SOME behaviors