Chapter 8 (PART 2)

Question 1

***Diploid =

Answer 1

2n = 2 sets of CHROMOSOMES

Question 2

***Germ cells are ____ goin in, end of mitosis they’re half way _______

Answer 2

diploid / gametes

Question 3

***Haploid =

Answer 3

1n = 1 copy of chromosomes

Question 4

Meiosis

Answer 4

-cell division that reduces a diploid cell’s chromosome # by HALF, producing haploid GAMETES

Question 5

Homologous Chromosomes***

Answer 5

-PAIRS of similar chromosomes, one from each parent

Question 6

-each species has a characteristic…

Answer 6

of chromosomes

Question 7

W/O meiosis, chromosome #’s

Answer 7

grow dramatically

Question 8

Meiosis includes one round of chromosome replication flowed by _____ divisions

Answer 8

TWO cell divisions

Question 9

In Meiosis l…

Answer 9

diploid parent cell divides to produce TWO HAPLOID daughter cells containing REPLICATED chromosomes

• ONLY time you have homologous pairing
• 2 members of each homo pair are SEPARATED

Question 10

Meiosis ll

Answer 10

-sister chromatids are SEPARATED

Question 11

Down Syndrome is the result of having…

Answer 11

• 3 copies of chromosome 21

- 2 copies come from egg, ONE copy from sperm

Question 12

Nondisjunction

Answer 12

• too many or too few chromosomes

- place in Meiosis l

Question 13

Mitosis leads to ____ genetically identical daughter cells

Answer 13

TWO

Question 14

Genetic variation arises through ______ ________ during Meiosis 1

Answer 14

genetic recombination

Question 15

Crossing Over (c/o)

Answer 15

• trade parts btwn. homo chromosomes

- gives chance of more combinations

Question 16

Independent Assortment

Answer 16

• chromosomes are given randomly along the equator of cell

- more combinations of MAternal & PAternal traits

Question 17

Number of possible combinations of chromosomes is 2n, where “n” is the ______ #

Answer 17

haploid #

Question 18

Resulting variations in offspring produce differences in…

Answer 18

fitness, raw material which natural selection acts

Question 19

_______ reproduction may be advantage in constant environments

Answer 19

Asexual

Question 20

Genetic variability made by _____ _______ may be helpful in CHANGEABLE environments

Answer 20

sexual reproduction

Question 21

Mitosis accomplishes 2 things…

Answer 21

1) reproduction of cells

2) equal issuing of DNA to each daughter cell

Question 22

Meiosis accomplishes 3 things:

Answer 22

1) reduces # of chromosomes by HALF so won’t be doubled during fertilization
2) c/o allows new combinations of maternal & paternal traits
3) provides more combinations of MAternal & PAternal traits