Chapter 9 Primary Terms

Question 1

Urea

Answer 1

Major waste product if protein metabolism

Question 2

Kidneys

Answer 2

Filter the blood to remove waste products and excess water

Question 3

Renal

Answer 3

Pertaining to the kidneys

Ren means kidney, al means pertaining to

Question 4

Renal Cortex

Answer 4

Outer reigon of the kidney

Question 5

Medulla

Answer 5

Inner region of the kidney, contains most of the urine collecting tubules

Question 6

Nephrons

Answer 6

Microscopic functional units of each kidney, urine is produced here

Question 7

Glomerulus

Answer 7

Cluster of capillaries surrounded by a cup shaped membrane called the Bowman’s capsule and a renal tubule

Question 8

Renal Artery

Answer 8

Blood enter through this artery and flows to the nephrons

Question 9

Renal Vein

Answer 9

Filtered blood leaves the kidney and returns to the bloodstream

Question 10

Renal Pelvis

Answer 10

Funnel shaped area inside each kidney that is surrounded by the renal cortex and medulla

Question 11

Ureters

Answer 11

Two narrow tubes, about 10-12 inches long, transport urine from the kidney to the bladder

Question 12

Ureteral Orifices

Answer 12

Urine drains from the ureters into the bladder through the orificies in the wall of the bladder

Question 13

Urinary Bladder

Answer 13

Oval, hollow, muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine before it is excreted

Question 14

Urethra

Answer 14

Tube extending from the bladder to the exterior of the body

Question 15

Urethral Meatus

Answer 15

External opening of the urethra

Question 16

Female Urethra

Answer 16

Transports only urine

Question 17

Nephrologist

Answer 17

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys

Question 18

Urologist

Answer 18

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and males

Question 19

Nephropathy

Answer 19

Any disease of the kidney

Nephr/o means kidney, pathy means disease

Question 20

Renal Failure

Kidney Failure

Answer 20

Inability of one or both of the kidneys to perform their functions, body cannot replace destroyed nephrons

Question 21

Azotemia

Answer 21

Elevation of the blood urea nitrogen caused by a lack of blood flow to each kidney

Question 22

Uremia

Answer 22

Toxic condition in which kidney function is compromised and urea and other waste products normally secreted into the urine, are retained in the blood

Question 23

Acute Renal Failure

Answer 23

Sudden onset and is characterized by uremia, can be fatal if not reversed

Question 24

Chronic Kidney Disease

Answer 24

Proggressive loss of renal function over months or years