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Chapter 8 Primary Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Cavity

A

The mouth, lips, hard and soft palates, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, and peridontium

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2
Q

Palate

A

Forms the roof of the mouth, three major parts

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3
Q

Hard Palate

A

Anterior portion of the palate, area is covered by specialized mucous membrane

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4
Q

Soft Palate

A

Flexible posterior portion of the palate, closes off the nasal passage to prevent food from moving upwards

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5
Q

Uvula

A

Hangs from the free edge of the soft palate, moves upward with the soft palate,

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6
Q

Tongue

A

Strong, flexible, and muscular

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7
Q

Periodontium

A

Structures that surround, support, and are attached to the teeth

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8
Q

Gingiva

A

Specialized mucous membranes that covers the bones of the dental arches

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9
Q

Dental Arches

A

Bony structures of the oral cavity, hold the teeth in position while eating or speaking

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10
Q

Temporomandibular Joint

TMJ

A

Formed at the back of the mouth where the maxillary and mandibular arches come together

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11
Q

Dentition

A

Natural teeth arranged in the upper and lower jaws

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12
Q

Primary Dentition

Baby Teeth

A

20 teeth that show up early in childhood and slowly fall out

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13
Q

Permanent Dentition

A

32 teeth to last a lifetime

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14
Q

Occulusion

A

Used in dentistry means, the contct between chewing surfaces of the upper and lower teeth

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15
Q

Crown

A

Portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth, covered with enamel

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16
Q

Pharynx

A

Common passageway for bothrespiration and digestion

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17
Q

Lower Esophageal Sphincter

A

Cardiac Sphincter, muscular ring between the esophagus and stomach

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18
Q

Rugae

A

Folds in the mucosa lining the stomach, allow the stomach to increase and decrease in size

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19
Q

Gastric Juices

A

Made of enzymes and hydrochloric acid aid in the begining of food digestion

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20
Q

Pyloric Sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle at the base of the stomach that controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the duoendum of the small intestine

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21
Q

Pylorus

A

Narrow passage that connects the stomach with the small intestine

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22
Q

Small Intestine

A

Three sections where food is digested and the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream

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23
Q

Duodenum

A

First portion of the small intestine, extends from the pylorus of the stomavh to the jejunum

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24
Q

Jejunum

A

Middle portion of the small intestine, goes from the duodenum to the illeum

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25
Q

Ileum

A

Last and longest portion of the small intestine, goes from the jejunum to the cecum of the large intestine

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26
Q

Cecum

A

Pouch that lies on the right side of the abdomen

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27
Q

Ileocecal Sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle that controls the flow from the ileum to the begining of the colon

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28
Q

Vermiform Appendix

A

Hangs from the lower portion of the cecum

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29
Q

Colon

A

Longest portion of the large intestine, 4 parts

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30
Q

Ascending Colon

A

Travels upward from the cecum to the undersurface of the liver

31
Q

Transverse Colon

A

Passes horizontally across the abdominal cavity from right to left toward the spleen

32
Q

Decending Colon

A

Travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity to the sigmoid colon

33
Q

SIgmoid Colon

A

S-shaped structure that continues from the descending colon above and joins the rectum below

34
Q

Rectum

A

Widest division of the large intestine

35
Q

Anus

A

Lower opening of the digestive tract

36
Q

Anorectal

A

Refers to the anus and rectum together

37
Q

Accessory Organs

A

Play a key role in the digestive process but are not apart of the gastrointestinal tract

38
Q

Liver

A

Largest organ in the body, removes excess glucose, secretes bile

39
Q

Bilirubin

A

Pigment formed in the liver by the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted bile, giving it a yellow to green color

40
Q

Biliary

A

Provides the channels through which bile is transported from the liver to the small intestine

41
Q

Gallbladder

A

Pear-shaped organ, stores and concentrates bile for later use

42
Q

Cholecystic

A

Pertaining to the gallbladder

Cholecyst means gallbladder, ic means pertaining to

43
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces pancreatic juices that aid in digestion and contain digestive enzymes

43
Q

Nutrient

A

Substance, usually from food that is necessary for the body to function

44
Q

Metabolism

A

Includes all of the processes involved in the body’s use of nutrients

45
Q

Anabolism

A

Building up of body cells or sybstances from nutrients

46
Q

Catabolism

A

Breaking down of body cells or substances, releasing energy and carbon dioxide

47
Q

Absorption

A

Process by which completely digested nutrients are transported to the cells throughout the body

48
Q

Mastication

A

Also known as chewing, breaks down food into smaller pieces

49
Q

Bolus

A

Mass of food that has been chewed and is ready to be swallowed

50
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction that moves food forward into the digestive system

51
Q

Chyme

A

Semifluid mass of partly digested food that passes out of the stomach, through the pyloric sphincter and into the small intestine

52
Q

Borborygmus

A

Rumbling noise caused by the movement if gas in the intestine

53
Q

Bariatrics

A

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and management of obesity and associated diseases

54
Q

Dentist

A

Specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of teeth and tissues of the oral cavity

55
Q

Gastroenterologist

A

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the stomach and intestines

56
Q

Oral or Maxillofacial Surgeon

A

Specializes in surgery of the face and jaws to correct deformities, treat diseases, and repair injuries

57
Q

Orthodontist

A

Dental specialist who prevents or corrects malocclusion of the teeth and related facial structures

58
Q

Periondtist

A

Dental specialist who prevents or treats disorders of the tissues surrounding the teeth

59
Q

Proctologist

A

Physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus

60
Q

Registered Dietitian

A

Specialist in food and nutrition who practices medical nutrition therapy and counsels patients on improving their dietary intake

61
Q

Canker Sore

A

Grat-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth

62
Q

Cheilitis

A

Inflammation of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth

62
Q

Cold Sores

A

Blister-like sores on the lips and adjacent facial tissue that are caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1

63
Q

Leukoplakia

A

Abnormal white, usually benign lesion that develops on the tongue or inside of the cheek

64
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth

65
Q

Oral Thrush

A

Fungal infection in the mouth caused by Candida Albicans

66
Q

Trismus

Lockjaw

A

Describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer

67
Q

Cleft Lip

A

Birth defect in which there is a deep groove of the lip running upward to the nose as a result of the failure of this portion of the lip to close during prenatal development

67
Q

Xerostomia

A

Lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary gland

68
Q

Cleft Palate

A

Failure of the palate to close during the early development of the fetus

Med Terms (26 decks)

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