Chapter 9: Joints

Question 1

Functions of Joints (3)

Answer 1

• link bones of skeletal system
• permit effective movement
• protect softer organs

Question 2

joint is also known as______

Answer 2

articulation

Question 3

joint

Answer 3

point where 2 bones meet, whether they are movable or not

Question 4

arthrology

Answer 4

science of joint structure & function

Question 5

kinesiology

Answer 5

study of musculoskeletal movement

Question 6

How are joints named?

Answer 6

typically from the names of the bones involved

Question 7

4 categories of joints

Answer 7

• bony joints
• fibrous joints
• cartilaginous joints
• synovial joints

Question 8

bony joint (synostosis)? example?

Answer 8

“immovable”
formed when the gap between two bones ossifies & become a single bone
frontal & mandibular bone

Question 9

fibrous joint (synarthrosis)

Answer 9

adjacent bones are bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone, cross the space between, and penetrate into the other

Question 10

What are the 3 kinds of fibrous joints?

Answer 10

• sutures
• gomphoses
• syndesmoses

Question 11

sutures

Answer 11

fibrous joint

immovable or slight movable fibrous joints closely bind the bones of the skull

Question 12

classifications of suture? (3)

Answer 12

• serrate (interlocking:wavy lines) ex. sagittal
• lap (squamous)overlapping edges ex. temporal bone
• plane (butt) straight, non overlapping

Question 13

gomphosis

Answer 13

fibrous joint

attachment of a tooth to its socket

Question 14

syndesmoses

Answer 14

fibrous joint

2 bones are bound by longer collagenous fibers, giving bone mobility (tibia & fibula) or (ulna & radius)

Question 15

cartilaginous joints

Answer 15

two bones linked by cartilage

Question 16

Types of cartilaginous joints (2)

Answer 16

• synchondroses

- symphyses

Question 17

synchrondroses

Answer 17

cartilaginous joint

bones are bound by hyaline cartilage (temporary joint in the epiphyseal plate in children)

Question 18

symphysis

Answer 18

cartilaginous joint

2 bones joined by fibrocartilage (pubic symphysis & inter-vertebral discs)

Question 19

synovial joint

Answer 19

“freely movable”

• joint in which 2 bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity
• has articular cartilage

Question 20

articular cartilage

Answer 20

layer of hyaline cartilage covers the facing surfaces of two bones

Question 21

synovial fluid (3)

Answer 21

slippery lubricant in joint cavity
makes movement almost friction free
nourishes articular cartilage & removes waste

Question 22

tendon

Answer 22

sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches bone to muscle

Question 23

ligament

Answer 23

attaches bone to one another

Question 24

bursa

Answer 24

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid, where tendon passes over bone (NOT A JOINT) ex. shoulder

Question 25

menicus

Answer 25

found in the knee (two cartilages extend inward from left and right but do not entirely cross the joint)