Chapter 5

Question 1

Tissues

Answer 1

a group of similar cells that arise from the same region of the embryo

Question 2

What are the 3 germ layers?

Answer 2

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

Question 3

outer membrane

Answer 3

ectoderm

Question 4

what does the ectoderm give rise to?

Answer 4

epidermis & nervous system

Question 5

inner membrane

Answer 5

endoderm

Question 6

what does the endoderm give rise to?

Answer 6

mucous membrane lining

Question 7

middle layer

Answer 7

mesoderm

Question 8

what does the mesoderm give rise to?differentiate into?

Answer 8

• muscle, bone, & blood

- mesenchyme

Question 9

what are the four types of tissue?

Answer 9

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

Question 10

epithelial tissue (4)

Answer 10

• flat sheets
• covers body surface
• allow no room for blood vessels
• lie on layer of loss connective tissue

Question 11

layer between an epithelium & underlying connective tissue

Answer 11

basement membrane

Question 12

surface of an epithelial cell that faces the basement membrane; separates from connective tissue

Answer 12

basal surface

Question 13

surface of an epithelial cell that faces away form the basement membrane

Answer 13

apical

Question 14

simple epithelium (2)

Answer 14

one layer

all cells touch basement membrane

Question 15

stratified (2)

Answer 15

two or more layers

some cells rest on other cells

Question 16

pseudostratified

Answer 16

looks stratified, but is really simple (every cell reached the basement membrane)

Question 17

thin & scaly

Answer 17

squamos

Question 18

square or round

Answer 18

cuboidal

Question 19

tall & narrow

Answer 19

columnar

Question 20

mucus secreting cells

Answer 20

goblet cells

Question 21

who produces the basement membrane

Answer 21

epithelial cells & connective tissue cells

Question 22

when the cells that line an epithelium are ciliated, the epithelium is always _____

Answer 22

simple

Question 23

connective tissue (4)

Answer 23

• cells usually occupy less space than extracellular material
• binds organs to each other
• not in direct contact with each other
• most abundant & widely distributed

Question 24

Types of connective tissue (4)

Answer 24

• loose
• adipose
• dense regular
• dense irregular

Question 25

loose connective tissue types (2)

Answer 25

areolar | reticular

Question 26

most adundant tough & resist stretching produce tendons & ligaments

Answer 26

collagen

Question 27

thin coated with glycoprotein | form framework of organs

Answer 27

reticular

Question 28

thin & branched | allows stretch & recoil

Answer 28

elastic

Question 29

purpose of dense connective tissue

Answer 29

fibers fill spaces between cells

Question 30

tissue in which adipocytes are the dominant cell type

Answer 30

adipose tissue

Question 31

what is the body's primary energy reservoir

Answer 31

fat

Question 32

cell junctions

Answer 32

connections between one cell & another

Question 33

how are cells anchored to each other or their matrix

Answer 33

intercellular junctions

Question 34

tight junction (2)

Answer 34

- adjacent cells are bound by fusion of the outer phospholipid layer of membrane - seals off intercellular space

Question 35

desmosomes (2)

Answer 35

- patch that hold cells together | - serves to keep cells from pulling apart

Question 36

gap junction

Answer 36

communicating junction

Question 37

cell or organ that secretes substances for use elsewhere in the body

Answer 37

gland

Question 38

product useful to the body

Answer 38

secretion

Question 39

waste product

Answer 39

excretion

Question 40

types of glands (2)

Answer 40

endocrine | exocrine

Question 41

maintain their contact with body surface via a duct

Answer 41

exocrine | ex.sweat, tears, mammary

Question 42

lose their contact with the surface and have no duct

Answer 42

endocrine | ex. thyroid, pituitary

Question 43

where do exocrine/endocrine secrete

Answer 43

products into a duct/ hormones into the blood

Question 44

modes of secretion (3)

Answer 44

merocrine apocrine holocrine

Question 45

use vesicles that release their secretion by exocytosis

Answer 45

merocrine

Question 46

lipid droplet covered by membrane & cytoplasm bud

Answer 46

apocrine

Question 47

cells accumulate a product until they disintegrate

Answer 47

holocrine