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Basic Medical Language > Chapter 9 Eye and Ear > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Eye and Ear Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

choroid

A

middle layer of the eye containing many blood vessels

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2
Q

cornea

A

transparent anterior part of the sclera that lies over the iris and pupil

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3
Q

iris

A

pigmented muscular structure that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of the pupil

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4
Q

lens

A

lies directly behind the pupil; focuses and bends light

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5
Q

optic nerve

A

carries visual images from the retina to the brain

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6
Q

pupil

A

opening through which light passes in the center of the iris

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7
Q

retina

A

innermost layer of the eye; contains the vision receptors

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8
Q

sclera

A

outer protective layer of the eye (also called the white of the eye)

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9
Q

auricle (pinna)

A

external, visible part of the ear located on both sides of the head; directs sound waves to the external auditory canal

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10
Q

cochlea

A

coiled portion of the inner ear that contains the organ for hearing

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11
Q

eustachian tube

A

passage between the middle ear and the pharynx; equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

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12
Q

external auditory canal (meatus)

A

short tube ending at the tympanic membrane

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13
Q

external ear

A

consists of the auricle and external auditory canal (meatus)

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14
Q

inner ear (labyrinth)

A

bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull that contain the cochlea, the semicircular canals, and vestibule. Cochlea facilitates hearing. semicircular canals and vestibule facilitate equilibrium and balance

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15
Q

middle ear

A

consists of the tympanic membrane, Eustachian tube, and ossicles

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16
Q

ossicles

A

bones of the middle ear (stapes, incus, and malleus) that carry sound vibrations

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17
Q

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

A

semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory canal (meatus) and the middle ear cavity; transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles

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18
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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19
Q

ir/o, irid/o

A

iris

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20
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea (also means hard, horny tissue)

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21
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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22
Q

opt/o

A

vision

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23
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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24
Q

scler/o

A

sclera

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25
Q

-metry

A

measurement

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26
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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27
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

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28
Q

myring/o

A

eardrum (tympanic membrane)

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29
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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30
Q

tympan/o

A

middle ear

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31
Q

-ptosis

A

drooping, sagging, prolapse

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32
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx (voice box)

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33
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

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34
Q

blepharoplasty

A

surgical repair of the eyelid

35
Q

blepharoptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid (also called ptosis)

36
Q

keratometer

A

instrument used to measure (the curvature of) the cornea (also called ophthalmometer)

37
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cornea

38
Q

ophthalmic

A

pertaining to the eye

39
Q

ophthalmologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye

40
Q

ophthalmology

A

study of the eye

41
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the eye

42
Q

optic

A

pertaining to vision

43
Q

optometry

A

measurement of vision

44
Q

retinal

A

pertaining to the retina

45
Q

retinitis

A

inflammation of the retina

46
Q

scleral

A

pertaining to the sclera

47
Q

scleritis

A

inflammation of the sclera

48
Q

audiologist

A

specialist who studies and treats (impaired) hearing

49
Q

audiology

A

study of hearing

50
Q

audiometer

A

instrument used to measure hearing

51
Q

audiometry

A

measurement of hearing

52
Q

myringitis

A

inflammation of the eardrum

53
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of the eardrum

54
Q

myringotomy

A

incision into the eardrum

55
Q

otitis

A

inflammation of the ear

56
Q

otoplasty

A

surgical repair of the (outer) ear

57
Q

otolaryngologist (ENT)

A

physician who studies and treats the diseases fo the ear, (nose), and the larynx (throat)

58
Q

otolaryngology

A

study of the ear, (nose), and the larynx (throat)

59
Q

otorrhea

A

discharge from the ear

60
Q

otoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the ear

61
Q

tympanic

A

pertaining to the middle ear

62
Q

tympanoplasty

A

surgical repair of the middle ear

63
Q

astigmatism (AST)

A

irregular curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye (cornea or lens); causes blurry vision

64
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens of the eye

65
Q

glaucoma

A

eye disorder characterized by optic nerve damage usually caused by the abnormal increase of intraocular pressure

66
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

67
Q

LASIK

A

laser procedure that reshapes the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea; laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

68
Q

macular degeneration; when caused by the aging process it is referred to as age-related macular degeneration (ARMD)

A

progressive deterioration of the central portion of the retina resulting in a loss of central vision;

69
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

70
Q

optometrist

A

healthcare professional who performs eye exams, administers vision tests, and prescribes corrective lenses. Optometrists are state-licensed healthcare professionals who have earned doctorate degrees (OD)

71
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear

72
Q

presbycusis

A

hearing impairment occurring with age

73
Q

presbyopia

A

vision impairment occurring with age

74
Q

retinal detachment

A

separation f the retina from the choroid in the posterior portion of the eye resulting in a disruption of vision that may be permanent if treatment is delayed; onset may be gradual or sudden and is not painful

75
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in the ears

76
Q

ARMD

A

age-related macular degeneration

77
Q

AST

A

astigmatism

78
Q

ENT

A

ear nose and throat; otolaryngologist

79
Q

HOH

A

hard of hearing

80
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

81
Q

OM

A

otitis media

82
Q

Ophth

A

ophthalmology

83
Q

VA

A

visual acuity

Basic Medical Language (12 decks)

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