Chapter 7 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards
arteries
blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
blood
fluid circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins; composed of plasma and formed elements such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets)
blood vessels
tubelike structures that carry blood through out the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries
capillaries
microscopic blood vessels; materials are passed between blood and tissues through capillary walls
heart
muscular, cone-shaped organ the size of a fist, located behind the sternum (breast bone) and between the lungs; pumping action circulates blood throughout the body
plasma
clear, straw-colored, liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended; composed of approximately 90% water and is about 55% of total blood volume
veins
blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
lymph
transparent, colorless tissue fluid; contains white blood cells and flows in a one-way direction to the heart
lymph nodes
small, spherical bodies composed of lymphoid tissue; may be singular or grouped together along the path of lymphatic vessels; filter lymph to help keep bacteria and other foreign agents from entering the blood
lymphatic vessels
transport lymph from body tissues to a large vein in the chest
spleen
lymphatic organ located in the upper left abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm; filters blood and acts as a blood reservoir
thymus
lymphatic organ with two lobes located behind the sternum between the lungs; plays an important role in development of the body’s immune system, particularly from infancy to puberty
aden/o
gland(s); (nodes when combined with lymph/o)
angi/o
blood vessel(s)
arteri/o
artery (s.), arteries (pl)
cardi/o
heart
ech/o
sound
electr/o
electrical activity
-ac
pertaining to
-graph
instrument used to record
-megaly
enlargement
brady-
slow
lymph/o
lymph, lymphatic tissue
phleb/o
vein(s)
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
blood clot
ven/o
vein(s)
-penia
abnormal reduction (in number)
-sclerosis
hardening
tachy-
rapid, fast
cyt/o
cell(s)
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
-a, -e, -y
no meaning
-al, -ous
pertaining to
-ectomy
surgical removal, excision
-gram
record, radiographic image
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic imaging
-ia
diseased state, condition of
-itis
inflammation
-logist
one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)
a-, an-
absence of, without
my/o
muscle
path/o
disease
-logy
study of
-lysis
dissolution, separating
-oma
tumor
-osis
abnormal condition
-plasty
surgical repair
-pnea
breathing
-stasis
control, stop
-tomy
cut into, incision
endo-
within
angiography
radiographic imaging of the blood vessels
angioplasty
surgical repair of the blood vessels
arterial
pertaining to the arteries
arteriogram
radiographic image of the arteries (after an injection of contrast media)
arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
bradycardia
slow heart rate
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
cardiologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the heart
cardiology
study of the heart
cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart
cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
echocardiogram (ECHO)
record of the heart using sound
electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
record of electrical activity of the heart
electrocardiograph
instrument used to record electrical activity of the heart
electrocardiography
process of recording electrical activity of the heart
endarterectomy
excision within the after (excision of plaque from the arterial wall)
myocardial
pertaining to the muscle of the heart
tachycardia
rapid heart rate
tachypnea
rapid breathing
hematologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood
hematology
study of blood
hemolysis
dissolution of (red) blood (cells)
hematoma
tumor of blood (collection of blood that has leaked out of a broken vessel into the surrounding tissue)
hemostasis
stopping (the flow of) blood
intravenous (IV)
pertaining to within the veins
leukocytopenia
abnormal reduction of white (blood) cells
lymphadenitis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
disease of the lymph nodes
lymphoma
tumor of the lymphatic tissue
phlebitis
inflammation of the veins
phlebotomy
incision into the vein (with a needle to remove blood or instill fluid) ( also called venipuncture)
splenectomy
excision of the spleen
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
thrombocyte
blood clotting cell (also called platelet)
thrombocytopenia
abnormal reduction in number of blood clotting cells
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of the veins associated with blood clots
thrombosis
abnormal condition of a blood clot
venogram
radiographic image of the veins (after an injection of contrast media)
anemia
condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes (RBCs). May be caused by blood loss, by decreased production of RBCs or by increased destruction of RBCs.
aneurysm
condition in which there is a ballooning of a weakened portion of the arterial wall
blood pressure (BP)
pressure exerted by the blood against the blood vessel walls;
cardiac catheterization
diagnostic procedure performed by passing a catheter into the heart from a blood vessel in the groin or arm to examine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels
cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR
emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation and external cardiac compressions
complete blood count (CBC)
laboratory test for basic blood screening that measures various aspects of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets); this automated test quickly provides a tremendous amount of information about the blood
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to the heart muscle (myocardium) by detouring around blocked arteries
coronary artery disease (CAD)
condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle (myocardium) that may progress to depriving the heart tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function normally
embolus (pl. emboli)
blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation
heart failure (HF)
condition in which there is an inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen ( also called congestive heart failure CHF)
hemorrhage
rapid loss of blood, as in bleeding
hypertension (HTN)
blood pressure that is above normal (generally greater than 130/80 mm Hg in adults)
hypotension
blood pressure that is below normal (generally less than 90/60 mm Hg in adults)
leukemia
malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes formed in the bone marrow
myocardial infarction (MI)
death (necrosis) of a portion of the heart muscle caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (also called heart attack)
pulse (P)
contraction of the heart, which can be felt with a fingertip.
sphygmomanometer
device used for measuring blood pressure
stethoscope
instrument used to hear internal body sounds; used for performing auscultation and blood pressure measurement.
varicose veins
condition demonstrated by distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities
BP
blood pressure
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
coronary artery disease
CBC
complete blood count
CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
DSA
digital subtraction angiography
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
ECHO
echocardiogram
ECG, EKG
electrocardiogram
HF
heart failure
HHD
hypertensive heart disease
HTN
hypertension
IV
intravenous
MI
myocardial infarction
P
pulse
PAD
peripheral artery disease
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
VS
vital signs
