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Basic Medical Language > Chapter 7 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

arteries

A

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

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2
Q

blood

A

fluid circulated through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins; composed of plasma and formed elements such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets)

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3
Q

blood vessels

A

tubelike structures that carry blood through out the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries

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4
Q

capillaries

A

microscopic blood vessels; materials are passed between blood and tissues through capillary walls

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5
Q

heart

A

muscular, cone-shaped organ the size of a fist, located behind the sternum (breast bone) and between the lungs; pumping action circulates blood throughout the body

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6
Q

plasma

A

clear, straw-colored, liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended; composed of approximately 90% water and is about 55% of total blood volume

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7
Q

veins

A

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

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8
Q

lymph

A

transparent, colorless tissue fluid; contains white blood cells and flows in a one-way direction to the heart

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9
Q

lymph nodes

A

small, spherical bodies composed of lymphoid tissue; may be singular or grouped together along the path of lymphatic vessels; filter lymph to help keep bacteria and other foreign agents from entering the blood

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10
Q

lymphatic vessels

A

transport lymph from body tissues to a large vein in the chest

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11
Q

spleen

A

lymphatic organ located in the upper left abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm; filters blood and acts as a blood reservoir

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12
Q

thymus

A

lymphatic organ with two lobes located behind the sternum between the lungs; plays an important role in development of the body’s immune system, particularly from infancy to puberty

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13
Q

aden/o

A

gland(s); (nodes when combined with lymph/o)

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14
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel(s)

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15
Q

arteri/o

A

artery (s.), arteries (pl)

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16
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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17
Q

ech/o

A

sound

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18
Q

electr/o

A

electrical activity

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19
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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20
Q

-graph

A

instrument used to record

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21
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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22
Q

brady-

A

slow

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23
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph, lymphatic tissue

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24
Q

phleb/o

A

vein(s)

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25
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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26
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

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27
Q

ven/o

A

vein(s)

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28
Q

-penia

A

abnormal reduction (in number)

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29
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

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30
Q

tachy-

A

rapid, fast

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31
Q

cyt/o

A

cell(s)

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32
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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33
Q

-a, -e, -y

A

no meaning

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34
Q

-al, -ous

A

pertaining to

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35
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal, excision

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36
Q

-gram

A

record, radiographic image

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37
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, radiographic imaging

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38
Q

-ia

A

diseased state, condition of

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39
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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40
Q

-logist

A

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

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41
Q

a-, an-

A

absence of, without

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42
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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43
Q

path/o

A

disease

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44
Q

-logy

A

study of

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45
Q

-lysis

A

dissolution, separating

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46
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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47
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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48
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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49
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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50
Q

-stasis

A

control, stop

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51
Q

-tomy

A

cut into, incision

52
Q

endo-

A

within

53
Q

angiography

A

radiographic imaging of the blood vessels

54
Q

angioplasty

A

surgical repair of the blood vessels

55
Q

arterial

A

pertaining to the arteries

56
Q

arteriogram

A

radiographic image of the arteries (after an injection of contrast media)

57
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

58
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heart rate

59
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

60
Q

cardiologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of the heart

61
Q

cardiology

A

study of the heart

62
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

63
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle

64
Q

echocardiogram (ECHO)

A

record of the heart using sound

65
Q

electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

A

record of electrical activity of the heart

66
Q

electrocardiograph

A

instrument used to record electrical activity of the heart

67
Q

electrocardiography

A

process of recording electrical activity of the heart

68
Q

endarterectomy

A

excision within the after (excision of plaque from the arterial wall)

69
Q

myocardial

A

pertaining to the muscle of the heart

70
Q

tachycardia

A

rapid heart rate

71
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

72
Q

hematologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood

73
Q

hematology

A

study of blood

74
Q

hemolysis

A

dissolution of (red) blood (cells)

75
Q

hematoma

A

tumor of blood (collection of blood that has leaked out of a broken vessel into the surrounding tissue)

76
Q

hemostasis

A

stopping (the flow of) blood

77
Q

intravenous (IV)

A

pertaining to within the veins

78
Q

leukocytopenia

A

abnormal reduction of white (blood) cells

79
Q

lymphadenitis

A

inflammation of the lymph nodes

80
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

disease of the lymph nodes

81
Q

lymphoma

A

tumor of the lymphatic tissue

82
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of the veins

83
Q

phlebotomy

A

incision into the vein (with a needle to remove blood or instill fluid) ( also called venipuncture)

84
Q

splenectomy

A

excision of the spleen

85
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlargement of the spleen

86
Q

thrombocyte

A

blood clotting cell (also called platelet)

87
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

abnormal reduction in number of blood clotting cells

88
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of the veins associated with blood clots

89
Q

thrombosis

A

abnormal condition of a blood clot

90
Q

venogram

A

radiographic image of the veins (after an injection of contrast media)

91
Q

anemia

A

condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes (RBCs). May be caused by blood loss, by decreased production of RBCs or by increased destruction of RBCs.

92
Q

aneurysm

A

condition in which there is a ballooning of a weakened portion of the arterial wall

93
Q

blood pressure (BP)

A

pressure exerted by the blood against the blood vessel walls;

94
Q

cardiac catheterization

A

diagnostic procedure performed by passing a catheter into the heart from a blood vessel in the groin or arm to examine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels

95
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR

A

emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation and external cardiac compressions

96
Q

complete blood count (CBC)

A

laboratory test for basic blood screening that measures various aspects of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes (platelets); this automated test quickly provides a tremendous amount of information about the blood

97
Q

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

A

surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to the heart muscle (myocardium) by detouring around blocked arteries

98
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle (myocardium) that may progress to depriving the heart tissue of sufficient oxygen and nutrients to function normally

99
Q

embolus (pl. emboli)

A

blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation

100
Q

heart failure (HF)

A

condition in which there is an inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen ( also called congestive heart failure CHF)

101
Q

hemorrhage

A

rapid loss of blood, as in bleeding

102
Q

hypertension (HTN)

A

blood pressure that is above normal (generally greater than 130/80 mm Hg in adults)

103
Q

hypotension

A

blood pressure that is below normal (generally less than 90/60 mm Hg in adults)

104
Q

leukemia

A

malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes formed in the bone marrow

105
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

death (necrosis) of a portion of the heart muscle caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (also called heart attack)

106
Q

pulse (P)

A

contraction of the heart, which can be felt with a fingertip.

107
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

device used for measuring blood pressure

108
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument used to hear internal body sounds; used for performing auscultation and blood pressure measurement.

109
Q

varicose veins

A

condition demonstrated by distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities

110
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

111
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

112
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

113
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

114
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

115
Q

DSA

A

digital subtraction angiography

116
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis

117
Q

ECHO

A

echocardiogram

118
Q

ECG, EKG

A

electrocardiogram

119
Q

HF

A

heart failure

120
Q

HHD

A

hypertensive heart disease

121
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

122
Q

IV

A

intravenous

123
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

124
Q

P

A

pulse

125
Q

PAD

A

peripheral artery disease

126
Q

PTCA

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

127
Q

VS

A

vital signs

Basic Medical Language (12 decks)

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